Search

Grain number per panicle (GNP) is a critical yield component trait of rice. Here, the authors clone a MAPKKK encoding gene GNP3 positively regulating grain yield and show its role in rice panicle development by interacting and destabilizing ethylene biosynthesis related enzyme SADENOSYLMETHIONINE SYNTHETASE 1.

The growth of Li dendrites and the accumulation of dead Li significantly undermine the safety and performance of Li metal batteries. Here, authors introduce the concept of “catalytic” effect for dead Li reconversion, leading to a Li plating/stripping efficiency of 99.89%.

A cost-effective all-in-one halide cathode material with high energy density and exceptional cycling stability can be used to achieve energy-dense, durable cathodes for the next generation of all-solid-state batteries.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Silicon electrodes promise high energy for lithium-ion batteries but face swelling and durability issues. Here, the authors develop a sieving-pore design that enables stable, fast-charging silicon electrodes with long cycle life, low expansion, and industrial-scale potential.

Urbanization and changing climate affect humans as well as our scourges. Focusing on Jiangsu Province, China, this study finds that scrub typhus, a bacterial vector-borne disease associated with the tropics, is expanding in temperate urban settings.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

Zhao et al. identified a novel E3 ligase RED and its E2 partner UBC32 which mediates ethylene-induced degradation of ethylene receptors ETR3 via the ERAD pathway in Rosa hybrida and Solanum lycopersicum, providing new insights into controlling ethylene response through receptor turnover.

Membranes which extract lithium are critical to developing sustainable technologies. Here, the authors report a covalent organic framework featuring randomly oriented channels, separating lithium from a mixture of cations.

The quality of the Li–electrolyte interface is key to solid-state battery performance, especially at low pressure. Here, authors use operando electron microscopy to reveal how Li-Mg alloy anodes improve interfacial contact and low-pressure cycling stability by suppressing void formation.

A stereotaxic atlas of the whole mouse brain, based on a Nissl-stained cytoarchitecture dataset with isotropic 1-μm resolution, achieved through continuous micro-optical sectioning tomography, promises to be a versatile brainsmatics tool for studying the whole brain at single-cell level.

Neural circuit mechanisms that regulate the panic-like defensive state are not fully understood. Using a robot-based experimental paradigm, the authors identify Cbln2-expressing (Cbln2+) neurons in the mouse posterior hypothalamic nucleus (PHN) as a key neuronal population essential for the induction of panic-like defensive state.

Here the authors show that viral infections facilitate accumulation of cellular iron by degradation of iron exporter ferroportin (FPN1), and that high intracellular iron suppresses type I IFN responses and autophagy by promoting TBK1 hydroxylation and STING carbonylation.

Combining antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting HER2 has been shown to improve efficacy in patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer. Here, the authors report a randomised phase 2b trial comparing neoadjuvant ARX788 (HER2 ADC) plus pyrotinib (HER1, HER2 and HER4 TKI) against neoadjuvant standard of care (docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab) for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer.

Understanding past warming events is essential to project the consequences of anthropogenic carbon emissions. Here, carbon and hydrological cycle changes of the Carnian Pluvial Episode are revealed, offering insights into Earth System functioning.

Advancing high-performance rechargeable batteries requires a deep understanding of the complex relationships among material composition, structure and property. This Perspective highlights the emerging role of ionic potential, defined as the charge-to-radius ratio of an ion, in guiding the design and optimization of battery materials.

Anode-free lithium batteries are hindered by lithium inventory loss from parasitic interfacial reactions, cathode degradation, and limited Li⁺ reversibility. Here, authors propose a prelithiation separator engineering to enable multiscale interfacial stabilization in Ah-class anode-free pouch cells.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

The Li dendrites and adverse Li-electrolyte reactions hinder the practical use of Li metal batteries. Here, authors propose an organic/inorganic artificial solid electrolyte interphase, where an outer metal layer ensures uniform Li nucleation and a F-rich inner layer acts as an electronic insulator.

LepR⁺ cells senescence is a driver of aging-induced bone marrow homeostasis collapse. Here, Li et al. report a LepR⁺ cell-targeting nitric oxide (NO) nanopump for rejuvenation of senescent LepR⁺ cells via activation of glycolysis signaling to reestablish homeostasis of the aged bone marrow.

Su et al. report that the super-enhancer K5aSE orchestrates Klf5andadditional targets via 3D chromatin interactions in ES cells, with CTCF-mediated chromatin domains maintaining this regulatory network essential for ES cell identity.

The immunomodulatory functions of mast cells (MCs) within the tumor microenvironment are elusive. Here, the authors present a transcriptomic characterization of LUAD-infiltrating MCs and identify a proinflammatory subset that contributes to the activation of cytotoxic MAIT cells by secreting IL-18 via NRLP3 activation and pyroptosis, ultimately boosting anti-tumor immunity.

The development of high-performance positive electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries is crucial for energy storage. Here, authors synthesize a layered-columnar framework material with achieving high ionic conductivity and improved stability.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

Legionella effector LnaB, a recently identified actin-activated AMPylase, mediates phosphoryl-AMPylation in a yet-unknown manner. Here the authors unveil a two-step catalytic process involving dual ATPase–AMPylase activity based on structural studies, providing a biochemical basis for AMPylation.

2D Ta-based transition metal dichalcogenides have been predicted to host highly confined plasmons, but their observation has been lacking. Here, the authors report momentum-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements of 2H-TaS₂ monolayers and bilayers, showing plasmon resonances with lateral confinement up to 300 and group velocity down to ~10⁻⁴c at large wave vectors.

Lodging resistance is critical for rice yield. Here, the authors demonstrate that STRONG1 alters the arrangement of the microtubule skeleton, resulting in changes in secondary cell wall development, thereby negatively regulating lodging resistance and grain yield.

Remote C–H bond formation via photoenzymatic hydrogen atom transfer has enabled the precise installation of remote stereocentres but is still in its infancy. Here, the authors report the photoenzymatic stereoablative enantioconvergence of γ-chiral oximes using repurposed flavin-dependent ene-reductases.

Whether multimorbidity accelerates brain Aβ deposition in humans remains largely unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that higher self-reported multimorbidity burden predicts increased brain Aβ accumulation rates in the ADNI cohort.

Controlling droplet motion after impact on solid surfaces is crucial for applications like self-cleaning and microfluidics, yet the fundamental limit of the droplet rebound angle remains unknown. This study reveals a droplet behavior where it rapidly rolls with a rebound angle near zero, defining the lower limit, enabled by asymmetric adhesion on nanostructured surfaces, resulting in greatly enhanced cleaning efficiency and precise droplet transport.

Accessing strong correlation effects in Kagome materials remains challenging. Here, the authors realize a Kagome Kondo lattice in CsCr₆Sb₆ exhibiting flat, isolated Kagome bands at the Fermi level.

Large language models (LLMs) can be useful tools for science, but they often lack expert understanding of complex domains that they were not trained on. Zhang and colleagues fine-tuned a LLaMA-2-7b-based LLM with questions on organic chemistry reactions.

In-situ harvesting of wave energy can provide a continuous energy supply for oceanic unmanned equipment. Here, the authors develop a pendulum-based nanogenerator that efficiently converts disordered waves into electricity for self-powered, distributed marine monitoring networks.

The heterogeneity of HSPCs in response to IR stress remains poorly characterized. Here, the authors provide insights into the molecular intricacies of IR-induced BM injury and reveal the roles of BMP4-BMPR2 signaling in radiation resistance of HSCs.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells taken from patients with myeloma shows how treatment shapes clonal architecture and sheds light on the evolution of treatment-related myeloid neoplasms.

Li et al. uncover a lysosomal surveillance response whereby intestinal lumen deacidification induces a transcriptional programme that boosts lysosomal activity and improves protein aggregate clearance in multiple worm disease models, extending healthspan.

Aqueous lithium batteries can store more energy because of their high ionic conductivity compared with the all-solid-state or non-aqueous electrolyte based counterparts. Zhao et al. report a large energy storage density by using safe and low-cost triiodide/iodide redox reaction in an aqueous cathode.

This work demonstrates an efficient electrochemical exfoliation approach to achieve high recovery rate for few-layered halogenated MXenes by leveraging gaseous propylene molecules as ‘physical scissors’, to enable advanced tribovoltaic nanogenerators.

The neurotransmitter serotonin regulates cancer through receptor-signaling activation, but also epigenetics mechanisms by serotonylation. Here, the authors show that histone serotonylation promotes pancreatic cancer progression by upregulating stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which remodels lipid metabolism, suggesting a potential target for therapy.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

BMP signaling forms an intestinal gradient regulating villus length by balancing cell proliferation with apoptosis to optimize nutrient absorption efficiency across regions.

Multimodal Large Language Models are energy intensive and computationally demanding. Here, the authors developed a series of lightweight Multimodal Large Language Models deployable on edge devices.

Current lithium-ion battery recycling extracts valuable metals while discarding much of the battery’s leftover value. An emerging strategy called direct battery regeneration upends this model, restoring the battery’s performance without taking it apart — presenting a more efficient, sustainable option for end-of-life batteries.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.

China contributed about half of the global carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) emissions during 2011–2021, according to long-term atmospheric observations from China.

While it is known in principle that quantum mechanics can enhance operation of microscopic thermal engines, convincing experimental examples of quantum energetic advantages are scarce. Here, the authors successfully showcase a quantum advantage in energy efficiency in a single trapped-ion based device, by demonstrating the benefit from quantum coherence and exploiting suppression of quantum friction effects via counterdiabatic driving.

This study shows that protein kinase A (PKA) drives bone lesions in fibrous dysplasia and that targeting it in mouse models reduces disease severity, highlighting PKA as a promising therapeutic target for fibrous dysplasia.

Despite pressure to improve the circularity of polysulfone plastic waste, upcycling polysulfones remains technically challenging. This study presents a photocatalytic method that can upcycle various polysulfones into valuable chemicals at ambient conditions.

This study presents an optical cloud computing system that enables long-distance, high-speed AI processing and communication with low power consumption. The approach offers a scalable and secure alternative to electronic cloud computing, addressing key energy and privacy challenges.