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X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is crucial for gene regulation, yet the role of small non coding RNAs in this process was unclear. Here, the authors identify miR106a as a key XCI regulator and show its inhibition improves Rett syndrome symptoms in a mouse model.

Electrification is a promising way to decarbonize the chemical industry but could also have important effects on power systems. Here the authors assess the impact of electrifying the production of methanol and ammonia on the Chinese power system in terms of emissions and potential security risks.

Non-shivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is tightly controlled by innervation. Here, the authors show that BAT-derived OLFM4 regulates Schwann cell differentiation through activation of the BMP7-MEK/ERK pathway, thereby modulating sensory and sympathetic innervation

Controlling magnetization orientation and assembling high-coercivity micro-magnets at the microscale has been challenging due to harsh operational requirements and limited spatial precision. The authors present a stretchable linear magnet with programmable magnetization enabled by laser-activated phase-change microcells, achieving efficient and reversible reorientation under mild conditions.

Here, the authors perform a pan-genome-based genome-wide meta-analysis of six independent GWAS experiments in rice, demonstrating the potential of this approach to increase understanding of the genetic basis of, and genes underlying key rice traits.

An electrochemical strategy is described in which the direct carboxylation of pyridines and related N-heteroarenes with CO₂ shows divergent site selectivity depending on the type of reactor used.

Understanding the atomic arrangement and binding nature of 2D materials with substrates is crucial to understand their properties and utilize their functions. Here, authors report that at high temperature graphene and α-Al₂O₃ substrate form a C-O-Al bond, having strong interactions, while interfacial structural relaxations of sapphire remain suppressed.

Regioselective functionalization of aliphatic carbon–hydrogen bonds is achieved using frustrated radical pairs generated from disilazide donors and an N-oxoammonium acceptor.

In this work, the employment of disordered metasurface as an ultra-stable and actively polarized speckle generator in a passive manner, coupled with a double-secure treatment to the plaintext, enables a highly secure speckle-based cryptosystem.

In this work, authors developed a hermetic hydrovoltaic cell that generates electricity from ambient heat without consuming water. The device operates continuously for 160 h, unaffected by external conditions like wind and light, making it potentially suitable for various challenging environments.

High dielectric constant (κ) materials compatible with van der Waals materials are desired to promote the development of 2D electronics. Here, the authors report a method to grow Mn₃O₄ nanosheets exhibiting κ up to 135 and equivalent oxide thickness down to 0.8 nm, enabling the fabrication of high-performance 2D MoS₂ transistors.

UM171 promotes corepressor degradation by acting as a molecular glue to induce KBTBD4–HDAC1/2 interactions with the help of inositol hexakisphosphate.

Fine turning the local configuration of single atoms into substrate is challenging. Here, the authors report that burying single atoms into subsurface lattice of substrate can stimulate more surficial active sites and thus promote the overall catalytic performance in methanol electrooxidation.

The authors of this manuscript identify that Gpr54 activation by its natural ligand Kisspeptin-10 can abrogate bone resorption. Mechanistically, Gpr54 recruits both active Src and the Dusp18 phosphatase, which causes Dusp18 to dephosphorylate Src at Tyr 416.

We fabricated silicon heterojunction back-contact solar cells using laser patterning, producing cells that exceeded 27% power-conversion efficiency.

Tandem repeats (TRs) have unique ability to drive a range of phenotype variations. Here, the authors survey rice TR variations based on 231 genome assemblies and the rice pan-genome graph, identify TR variations associated with expressed genes, and reveal expression TRs contributed to rice agronomic trait variations.

Clustering is a powerful machine learning method for discovering similar patterns according to the proximity of elements in feature space. Here the authors propose a local direction centrality clustering algorithm that copes with heterogeneous density and weak connectivity issues.

Xu et al. developed and characterized a new animal model of maternal immune activation based on a parasite mimetic. They show that immune and behavioral abnormalities in adult offspring are reversed by adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells.

Rechargeable aqueous Zn metal batteries are impeded by dendrite growth and the hydrogen evolution side reaction. Here, authors develop a bifunctional Cu-In alloy interface to realize uniform Zn nucleation and prevent hydrogen evolution, enabling operation of Ah-level Zn metal pouch cells.

A newly identified coronavirus found in Malayan pangolins shares considerable sequence identity with SARS-CoV-2, which suggests that the latter may have originated from a recombination event involving SARS-related coronaviruses from bats and pangolins.

Here, Wang and colleagues combine short and long sequencing reads to characterize structural variations, prophage and CRISPR spacer elements in human gut microbiomes, and reveal functional differences at a finer level of bacterial strains.

Authors uncover room-temperature skyrmions in 2D van der Waals material, attributing their presence to Fe-deficiency-induced symmetry breaking, enabling topological Hall effect and small Néel-type skyrmions with femtosecond laser writability.

A method is described for selectively activating remote C–H bonds in heterocycles by using a catalytic template that binds by reversible coordination instead of a covalent linkage, removing the need for specific functional groups on which to attach the template.

The communication of colour information stands as one of the most immediate and widespread methods of interaction among biological entities. Xu et al. report an electrochromic neuromorphic transistor employing color updates to represent synaptic weight for real-time visualised in-sensor computing.

Recently, various computational tools have emerged for detecting mRNA isoforms using long-read sequencing data. Here, the authors systemically evaluate and compare the performance of these tools.

Ice sheets and precession are shown to control westerly strength and position, impacting nutrient-rich water upwelling and productivity in the subarctic Pacific. This finding underscores the subarctic Pacific’s significant contribution to Pleistocene CO2, particularly on a precession timescale.

The large size of nucleases of commonly used CRISPR-Cas systems reduces the delivery efficiency of these gene-editing tools for therapeutic applications. Now, the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the miniature Acidibacillus sulfuroxidans Cas12f1 reveals the determinants for its activity despite its small size.

It is still under debate whether unconventional superconductors can still be described in terms of Bogoliubov quasiparticles in the superconducting state. Here, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on FeSe/SrTiO₃ films reveal particle-hole mixed Bogoliubov quasiparticles, despite the likely unconventional pairing mechanism.

It has been well shown that NF-κB has a crucial role in promoting the maturation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Now, Cun-Yu Wang and his colleagues show that it also has a role in inhibiting the function of mature bone-forming osteoblasts. They go on to show that deficiency of NF-κB specifically in osteoblasts increases bone formation and protects against bone loss in experimentally-induced osteoporosis in mice.

Multi-omic analysis of 100 clear cell renal cell carcinomas identifies four transcriptomic subgroups (IM1–IM4). IM4 is a high-risk subtype characterized by specific metabolic changes and a loss of lipid droplets.

Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are important reactive oxygen species in environmental chemistry. The most efficient way to generate them is through a single-electron water-oxidation step, but this light-driven process is inefficient over inorganic semiconductor materials. Now, a judiciously designed polymeric carbon nitride has demonstrated high photocatalytic efficiency.

Current industrial production of hydrogen peroxide suffers from hefty energy penalties and toxic byproducts. Here, the authors report efficient photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide by protonation-induced dispersible porous polymers with good charge-carrier transport properties.

Ferroelectric/antiferroelectric phase boundary is both technologically and scientifically important. Here, the authors reveal the structure of intermediate phase involved in classical Pb(Zr_1-xTi_x)O₃.

Muntjac deer underwent rapid species radiation and dramatic chromosome fusions within a short period of time. Here the authors reveal that repeat sequences likely mediated illegitimate recombination to result in chromosome fusions and that 3D chromatin architecture around fusion sites have no significant change, while significant interactions across fusion sites were gradually established after speciation.

Current droplet manipulation techniques have limitations such as applying to a large scale of volume or of on-demand droplet release. Here using a magnetic actuated Janus origami robot, Jiang et al. present a strategy to achieve omni-manipulation of micro and nanoliter droplets.

The authors present ARPES and STM/STS measurements of the kagome superconductor CsV_3-xTa_xSb₅. For the x = 0.4 Ta-doped sample, they report evidence for a van Hove singularity perfectly aligned with the Fermi level, and that the superconducting transition temperature is maximized at this doping.

Using sequencing and comparing high-coverage genomes, the germline mutation rates across vertebrates are quantified.

Spin-polarized current manipulation of magnetic skyrmions is energy consuming. Here, the authors achieve an electric-field manipulation of individual skyrmions in a nanostructured ferromagnetic/ferroelectrical heterostructure at room temperature via an inverse magneto-mechanical effect.

Constructing artificial sensorimotor systems for robotic applications calls for development of synaptic connections for complicated information processing. Wei et al. propose a graphdiyne-based artificial synapse capable of parallel processing signals and utilize it in an artificial mechanoreceptor system.

How the REGγ-proteasome pathway is regulated during the cell cycle or genotoxic insults remains unclear. Here, the authors show that NIP30 acts as a molecular switch to regulate the REGγ-proteasome activity and may provide an approach to combat drug-resistant tumours lacking functional p53.