Fig. 4: A stress signaling pathway is activated after treatment with iodido prototypes.

a Top: Representative western blots of phosphorylated forms of p53, JNK, p38 and ERK, in AGS and PANC1 cells after the treatment with IC50 concentration of CDDP, I5 or I6 at different times (1, 3, 6 and 24 h). α-Tubulin was used as an endogenous loading control. Bottom: Graphs show the mean ± SD densitometric analyses of each protein normalized with α-tubulin from three independent experiments by using ImageJ (Area under the peak method), Control cells (C, white bars), CDDP (gray), I5 (light blue) and I6 (dark blue). b RNA was isolated from AGS, MKN45 and PANC1 cell lines stimulated with a 24 h treatment of the complexes. MAP2K3 expression levels were quantified by RT-qPCR and normalized with GAPDH. Shown are the mean fold change ± SD from triplicate samples (n = 3). The statistical significance was evaluated with Student’s 2-tailed t-test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001) compared to the untreated cells (C: Control) set as 1.0.