Fig. 1: Overview of gut microbiome composition and gene abundance in Tibetan argali and blue sheep.

a Venn diagram showing shared and unique genes between the Tibetan argali and blue sheep groups. b Bar plot displaying the relative abundance of gut microbiota at the phylum level for each sample. c Box plot comparing the relative abundance ratio of Bacillota to Bacteroidota between groups. d Heatmap illustrating the genus-level relative abundance of gut microbiota across all samples. Samples labeled with “PYA” represent Tibetan argali, and “YYF” represent blue sheep. *: P < 0.05, **: P < 0.01, calculated by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. n = 9 biologically independent samples per group.