Fig. 3: PPGRs to carbohydrate meals were associated with clinical and metabolic features.
From: Individual variations in glycemic responses to carbohydrates and underlying metabolic physiology
a, Mean CGM curves between IR and IS groups measured by SSPG (i), and groups with normal and dysfunctional beta cells measured by disposition index (ii). b, Delta glucose peaks after eating potatoes and pasta are compared between groups with IR and IS, and delta glucose peaks after eating potatoes are compared beween groups with normal and dysfunctional (dys) beta cell functions. *, based on Holm corrected P value of the Mann–Whitney test (default, two-sided): *PH ≤ 0.05; **PH ≤ 0.01; ***PH ≤ 0.001. PH from left to right is 3.4 × 10−4, 0.02 and 9.4 × 10−3. Number of participants: IS potatoes 14, IR potatoes 16, IS pasta 12, IR pasta 16, normal beta cell potatoes 5, dysfunctional beta cell potatoes 12. Extracted CGM features for each participant are compared between different metabolic subtypes. c, Clinical and metabolic characteristics according to carb-response types. Statistical comparisons utilized Holm corrected P value of the Mann–Whitney test (default, two-sided) of the selected pairs: *PH ≤ 0.05; **PH ≤ 0.01; ***PH ≤ 0.001; ****PH ≤ 0.0001. PH: grapes versus potatoes (i) 7.8 × 10−3; grapes versus potatoes (ii) 2.5 × 10−4; rice versus potatoes (ii) 0.022, bread versus potatoes (ii) 0.016, grapes versus bread (iii) 0.019. Number of participants for (i) ((ii), (iii)): rice-spiker 18 (13, 19), grape-spiker 12 (10, 12), pasta-spiker 2 (1, 2), bread-spiker 13 (13, 13), potato-spiker 8 (6, 8). Clinical measurements were compared between carb-response-types. The boxplots in b and c show the center line as the median and the hinges as the 25th and 75th percentiles. The upper whisker extends from the hinge to the largest value not bigger than 1.5 times the distance between the hinges. Data beyond the whiskers are outliers. d, Average delta glucose peak and AUC(>baseline) between participants with IR and IS. e, Average delta glucose and AUC(>baseline) between participants with different beta cell functions (normal and dysfunctional). The solid line is the average value, and the shade is one s.d. bp, blood pressure.
