Table 1 Participant characteristics for the whole sample and for males and females separately.

From: Topography of associations between cardiovascular risk factors and myelin loss in the ageing human brain

 

Overall

(n = 1104)

Males

(n = 543, 49.2%)

Females

(n = 561, 50.8%)

T/χ²

P

Age (mean, SD), years

60.1 (9.1)

59.8 (9.2)

60.5 (8.9)

1.3

0.2

Hypertension, %

35.7

41.0

30.6

12.5

<0.001

Diabetes, %

6.5

10.2

2.9

22.6

<0.001

Dyslipidemia, %

37

45.4

28.9

31.2

<0.001

BMI (mean, SD), kg/m2

26.0 (4.5)

26.7 (3.8)

25.3 (5.0)

4.9

<0.001

High BMI, %

55

65.5

44.9

46

<0.001

WHR (mean, SD)

0.88 (0.09)

0.94 (0.07)

0.83 (0.07)

24.5

<0.001

High WHR, %

54

71.0

37.7

120

<0.001

Smoking

   

10.6

0.005

   Never, %

43.7

39.0

48.2

  

   Past, %

36.5

40.9

32.2

  

   Current, %

19.8

20.1

19.6

  

aCVRF (mean, SD)

2.4 (1.5)

2.9 (1.5)

2.0 (1.4)

10.9

<0.001

TIV (mean, SD), cm3

1437.9 (145.9)

1527.4 (124.5)

1351.3 (107.8)

25.2

<0.001

Education level

   

13.2

0.001

   Low, %

47.5

44.9

50.1

  

   Middle, %

27.3

25.1

29.4

  

   High, %

25.1

29.9

20.5

  

APOE risk

   

1.5

0.5

   Low, %

13.7

12.8

14.7

  

   Intermediate, %

64.5

63.9

65.0

  

   High, %

21.8

23.3

20.3

  

Recent atypical MDD, %

7.3

3.8

10.7

17.5

<0.001

Recent melancholic MDD, %

7.8

5.8

9.8

5.5

0.02

MVPA (mean, SD), min/day

184.3 (84.4)

169.7 (80.1)

198.9 (86.2)

5

<0.001

Alcohol consumption

   

82.6

<0.001

   None, %

20.7

13.6

27.2

  

   <1 unit/day, %

44.4

38.6

49.7

  

   1–2 units/day, %

22.2

27.6

17.1

  

   >2 units/day, %

12.8

20.2

5.9

  
  1. Two-sided t-tests (continuous variables) and chi-square tests (categorical variables) were used to compare males and females. The associated T/χ² statistics and uncorrected p-values are shown.
  2. aCVRF aggregate cardiovascular risk factor, APOE apolipoprotein E, BMI body mass index, MDD major depressive disorder, MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, SD standard deviation, TIV total intracranial volume, WHR waist-to-hip ratio.
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