Table 1 Photosensitivity of vertebrate OPN4 in peripheral organs.

Amphibia

Xenopus laevis

Melanocyte

Skin pigmentation

Provencio et al.¹⁵

Reptile

Hydrophiinae

Skin

Tail phototaxis

Crowe-Riddell et al.²⁷

Mammal

Mouse

Aortas, pulmonary arteries, airway smooth muscle

Light-dependent relaxation

Sikka et al.¹⁷²; Barreto et al.¹⁷³; Yim et al.¹⁷⁴

Mammal

Mouse

Melanocytes

Pigmentation

de Assis et al.¹⁷⁵

Mammal

Human

Mesenchymal stem cells

Angiogenesis

Yang et al.¹⁷⁶

Mammal

Human

Subcutaneous white adipose tissue

Lipolysis of lipid droplets

Ondrusova et al.¹⁷⁷