Fig. 1: Phenome-wide associations between meta-analysis index variants and selected outcomes in the UK Biobank.

Each triangle represents a statistically significant (p < 9.7 × 10–7) association between an index variant from trace element GWA meta-analysis (x-axis, grouped by trace element: cadmium, manganese, selenium and zinc), and an outcome in the UK Biobank (y-axis, grouped and colored according to biological ___domain: anthropometry [light blue], circulatory [dark blue], digestive [light green], endocrine/metabolic [dark green], genitourinary [pink], hematopoietic [red], musculoskeletal [yellow], neoplasms [orange], respiratory [dark purple] and other [light purple]). Larger triangles represent smaller p-values, and the direction indicates if the direction of effect for the indicated allele is the same (up) or opposite (down) as the association with the trace element concentration. This figure only presents a selection of the associated outcomes in UK Biobank. The full list of associations with meta-analysis index variants are visualized in Supplementary Fig. 40.