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The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Freestanding membranes of hafnium zirconium oxide can be created using pulsed laser deposition method and used as the top-gate dielectric in molybdenum disulfide transistors.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

In-situ harvesting of wave energy can provide a continuous energy supply for oceanic unmanned equipment. Here, the authors develop a pendulum-based nanogenerator that efficiently converts disordered waves into electricity for self-powered, distributed marine monitoring networks.

Xiang et al. use patient samples and mouse models of osteoarthritis to examine the link with muscle atrophy. They identify that, in osteoarthritis, senescent macrophages promote ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells, and they show the therapeutic value of targeting this pathological mechanism.

To adapt fluctuating renewable energy for water splitting is challenging. Here, the authors provide a “bubble seeding” strategy by introducing electrolyte with nanobubbles to promote the generation of macrobubbles, achieving more stable operation using intermittent energy supply for water splitting.

Ambient air pollution exposure in early childhood has been linked to infection risk but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors investigate the association between air pollution-linked proteomic profiles in pregnancy and infection in early childhood using data from Denmark and Sweden.

Regulation of aggregation by light is a useful phenomenon, but the role of the solvent is not often considered. Here, the authors report the development of photoinduced hydrous organic aggregates, emissive in the presence of both water and photoirradiation.

This study introduces an electrochemical approach for synthesizing 1,3-butadiene via acetylene hydrogenation, offering petroleum-free pathway for C4H6 production. Mechanistic investigations show that optimizing the C2H2/H2O ratio can enhance the kinetics of the rate-limiting step.

This work introduces GLORI 2.0 and 3.0, enabling sensitive m⁶A quantification from RNA inputs as low as a few hundred cells.

Controllable dislocations are desirable for modulating the physicochemical properties of materials. Here authors present a light-driven strategy for reversible high-density dislocation writing in ferroelectric crystals, enabling multidimensional manipulation and repeatable erasure, with potential for innovating informatics and functional materials.

NICER is a broad-spectrum nanovaccine based on a nanovesicle system that can induce an effective immune response via epigenetic regulation to target both cancer stem-like cells and bulk tumour cells to prevent tumour recurrence.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

BPAN is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by WDR45 mutations. Here, the authors discover that WDR45 can competitively displace G3BP1 from Caprin-1 to promote stress granule disassembly, a function that is disrupted by BPAN-associated WDR45 mutations.

Chen et al. report all-site alloying for 3D perovskites where B-site strontium doping retards the crystallisation and induces sequential A-site doping with annealing. The controllable crystallisation enables blue LEDs with peak efficiency of 23.3% at 487 nm and tuneable emission to 463 nm.

Zhang et al. show that YAP binds to TDP-43 to promote TDP-43 multimerization and phase separation. YAP and TDP-43 may co-localize in multiple cell types in oxidative stress and in brain samples from individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants. Here, the authors rationally design a range of DHAD inhibitors as herbicides and present the crystal structure of a lead compound in complex with Arabidopsis DHAD.

Analysis of ancient DNA, stable isotope data and archaeological evidence from the Fujia archaeological site in eastern China suggests it was populated by a matrilineal Neolithic community between 2750 and 2500 bc.

This study establishes that Ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases phosphorylate TIR domains at a conserved serine to block NADase activity across kingdoms. In plants, this represses SNC1-mediated immunity to balance growth and defence under osmotic stress.

Meng et al. demonstrate that RIOK1 phase separation leads to PTEN mRNA sequestration and pentose pathway activation resolving cellular stress in hepatocellular carcinoma. Targeting RIOK1 enhances response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Two genetically linked TdNLR genes from wild emmer wheat are both required for YrTD121-mediated stripe rust resistance. The TdNLR1 and TdNLR2 pair lacks an integrated ___domain, representing an uncommon architecture for paired NLRs in plants.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Riboflavin is an essential vitamin for humans. Here, authors present cryo-EM structures of human riboflavin transporter RFVT2/RFVT3, revealing the structural basis for riboflavin transport and defining the determinant for pH-dependent activity of RFVT3.

Clinical trials of CD47 blocking antibody in human cancer patients have not yielded ideal results. Here the authors show that USP2 stabilizes CD47 through deubiquitination, whereas USP2 inhibition enhances macrophage phagocytosis, reprograms tumor microenvironment and synergizes with anti-PD-1 treatment.

This work shows an iron molecular catalyst for water oxidation, a critical reaction for renewable energy technologies. The excellent performance of the catalyst is attributed to an intermediate dinuclear structure formed via spin crossover.

Knock-in mice conditionally or constitutively expressing Cas12 variants enable a wide range of ex vivo and in vivo applications requiring multiplexed genome engineering.

Currently, there is limited understanding of the molecular subtypes of fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, the authors employ integrated genomics and transcriptomics to develop a CpG site-specific methylation signature for the identification of FH-deficient RCC, and to identify three distinct molecular subtypes for this rare but highly lethal kidney cancer.

Developing simple strategies for the controlled synthesis and stabilization of metastable carbides remains a challenge. Here, the authors show that potassium ions (K⁺) facilitate the formation of metastable ɛ-Fe₂C from an Fe₂N precursor by enhancing the surface carbon chemical potential.

This work demonstrates that epitaxial match at the oxide-support interfaces plays a critical role in determining whether supported metal nanoparticles oxidize from the interface or the free surface in oxygen, thereby enabling controlled oxidation.

A suite of bridged rhodamine dyes (BriDyes) offers excellent brightness, solubility, photostability, and tunable cell permeability along with resistance to photoblueing, making them exceptional all-purpose dyes for fluorescence biomaging.

The advance in improving the operational lifetime of organic solar cells is currently limited. Here, the authors report a radical scavenger capped zinc oxide nanoparticles as the electron transport layer, achieving operationally stable devices with efficiency of 19.47%.

Precise control over both sequence and chirality remains a challenge in polymer chemistry. Here sulfur–fluoride exchange and sulfur–phenolate exchange reactions are used to create chiral oligosulfonimidates with tunable sulfur-centred chirality. This strategy enables precise three-dimensional structural control over oligomers and polymers, marking a step towards fully nature-mimicking macromolecules.

Chen et al. introduce an AI-driven method that generates 3D small-molecule drug candidates and outperforms existing approaches by leveraging ligand shape information.

Chen at al. show that CHD1 loss in SPOP-mutated prostate tumors confers castration resistance by increasing SREBP2-mediated cholesterol synthesis and subsequent androgen supply, an effect counteracted by combined androgen and cholesterol inhibition.

Kidney stone disease is increasing worldwide. Cao et al. perform a cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of the condition, identifying risk loci and potential causal variants, and construct a cross-population polygenic risk score.

The mechanisms underlying the invasiveness and aggressiveness of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to characterise the tumour microenvironment of PitNETs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Tailored non-aqueous electrolyte solutions are formulated using data obtained from extensive analytical measurements and analyses. These optimized electrolytes improve the cycling performance of single-layer stack lithium metal pouch cells, particularly in lean electrolyte conditions.

Achieving precise stereocontrol and sequence control over polymer microstructure is a formidable challenge in synthetic polymer chemistry. Catalyst modification has now enabled the stereo- and sequence-controlled polymerization of BDPO-based monomers (M) to afford isoenriched block polymers P(cis-M)-b-P(trans-M), which have tunable properties and can be converted back to monomers.

Hsu, Wang, Manne et al. identify ALDH4A1 as a component of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier complex, which plays a non-canonical role in regulating pyruvate homeostasis in mitochondria, TCA cycle entry and tumour suppression.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Muons are conventionally produced from cosmic rays or with a proton accelerator. Now a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrates the feasibility of muon production with a laser-driven electron beam with gigaelectronvolt energy in a lead converter target.