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Shi and colleagues present a spatial microfluidic holographic integrated platform for label-free, high-dimensional analysis of cancer heterogeneity, achieving very high accuracy in classifying cancer types, breast cancer subtypes, and blood cells.

Fan et al. show that cTAGE5 is essential for adipogenesis and adipose tissue development. Mechanistically, cTAGE5 promotes pro-insulin receptor processing, which mediates actin cytoskeleton remodeling and lipolysis during the adipocyte differentiation.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The first outbreaks of mpox outside Africa in 2022 were caused by clade II but cases of a new clade Ib have been increasing in the Democratic Republic of Congo and neighbouring countries since 2024. Here, the authors describe a case report and public health investigation of the first detected case of mpox clade Ib in China.

The role of germline variation in cancer remains underexplored. Here, the authors investigate the landscape of germline structural variants on tumour DNA methylation across pediatric brain and central nervous system tumour patients and suggest disease implications.

It is challenging to purify and prepare large amount of methacrylated proteins from cells. Here, the authors develop genetic code expansion technology to site-specifically incorporate ε-N-Methacryllysine into proteins and identify the post-translational modification ε-N-methyl-ε-N-methacrylation.

Spontaneous parthenogenesis in sunflower has been used to develop a scalable doubled haploid breeding system.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human mitochondrial pyruvate carrier provide insights into its architecture, substrate transport mechanism and inhibition by the drug UK5099, with implications for the development of treatments for various metabolic diseases.

A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.

The coexistence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and depression is prominent, and a Community-based Integrated Care Model for Patients with Diabetes and Depression has previously been shown to help enhance patient health. Here, the authors do an economic evaluation of the model and demonstrate that it is cost-effective for patients with diabetes and depression.

Snowmelt runoff is an important source of water for irrigating agricultural crops in high-mountain Asia, Central Asia, western Russia, western US and the southern Andes. Climate change places water resources in these basins at risk, indicating the need to adapt water management.

A genome-wide association study including over 76,000 individuals with schizophrenia and over 243,000 control individuals identifies common variant associations at 287 genomic loci, and further fine-mapping analyses highlight the importance of genes involved in synaptic processes.

This study profiles the spatial transcriptomic landscape of mouse brain coronal sections across three age groups and both sexes. Here, authors show a strong female-biased pro-inflammatory gene signature in white matter fiber tracts.

Rare disease DEDSSH1-associated DPH1 mutations impair eEF2 diphthamide modification that leads to eEF2 as a transcriptional coactivator for p53 to enhance expression of the cell proliferation inhibitor p21, resulting in birth defects.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

3D-printed models of the penis can facilitate the study of penile physiology and the repair of penile defects, as shown via a reconstructed and implanted corpus cavernosum that restored erectile function and mating capacity in rabbits and pigs.

Presenilin isoforms (PS1 and PS2) containing γ-secretase show contrasting sensitivity to MRK-560. Here, the authors determined cryo-EM structures of PS1/PS2-complexes treated with MRK-560 and identified key residues responsible for the isoform-dependent selectivity.

Kinetochores are large structures composed of hundreds of proteins that assemble onto centromeric DNA to form a microtubule-binding site that is essential for proper chromosomal segregation. The structure of budding-yeast kinetochore particles is now studied by EM and electron tomography, revealing a large central hub surrounded by multiple globular domains, and multiple attachment sites for microtubules.

A complete genome assembly of a crab-eating macaque, revealing 46% fewer segmental duplications and 3.83 times longer centromeres than those of humans, is presented, enhancing understanding of lineage-specific phenotypes, adaptation and primate evolution.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Ammonia and nitric acid are key platform chemicals to introduce nitrogen into organic molecules, however gaseous N₂ would be a more direct and available source of nitrogen. Here, the authors report a direct catalytic nitrogenation to afford valuable arylamines and N-heterocycles from organohalides using dinitrogen (N₂) as the nitrogen source.

Spin injection in pure topological surface states of topological insulators is challenging due to the coexistence of highly conducting bulk states. Here, Song et al. report spin injection and inverse Edelstein effect in the spin–momentum locked surface states of topological Kondo insulator SmB₆.

Assembly of small molecules offers possibilities in the preparation of materials, but obtaining desirable mechanical strength can be challenging. Here, the authors report the assembly of a tetrapeptide to form a liquid crystal hydrogel, able to support significant weight.

The authors find multiple topological transitions and a composite topological phase by two mutually exclusive topological orders, strong topological order and high-order topological order, in a quasi-1D system.

Glutamatergic neurons in the parvocellular part of the medial vestibular nucleus mediate motion-induced hypothermia and can be targeted to prevent diet-induced obesity.

Here they identify Tex10 as a critical regulator of male fertility and germ cell development. By fine-tuning Wnt signaling, Tex10 promotes spermatogenesis and PGC differentiation, offering potential therapeutic insights for treating male infertility.

A study describes the design of de novo ligand-binding transmembrane proteins, demonstrating their specific binding and activation of fluorogenic ligands.

A cluster randomized trial in China shows that telemedicine-based, village doctor-led delivery of integrated care reduced the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events and hospitalizations in older adults with atrial fibrillation.

Light-driven actuators have great potential in different types of applications but is still challenging to apply them in flying devices owing to their slow response, small deflection and force output. Here, the authors report a rotary flying photoactuator with fast rotation and rapid response.

New approaches to develop antimicrobial agents are urgently needed. In this study, the authors develop a peptide language-based deep generative model to design broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides against drug-resistant bacteria and validate promising candidates in a wound mouse model.

Microscopy has undoubtedly advanced biomedical research, but novel hypotheses are often lost to a lack of analytical tools. Here authors propose iCLOTS, a freely-available software that allows researchers to apply image processing and artificial intelligence algorithms to their own data.

Cas12a represents the next generation of gene editing. Here, the authors present the generation and validation of a Cas12a transgenic mouse model. Additionally, the authors create whole-genome Cas12a knockout libraries, and demonstrate their utility across multiple in vitro and in vivo screens.

The mode of action of the biological Dnd antiphage defence system to cleave foreign DNA was not known. Now the activities of Dnd protein complexes are revealed, and a mechanism to discriminate between self-DNA and invading DNA is proposed.

The establishment of glucose-regulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells requires multiple transcription factors but is incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that Mediator complex subunit MED15 is vital for this process of β-cell maturation, highlighting its role in coordinating transcriptional control of insulin production and secretion.

Reaching the depths of the respiratory tract is hard even with vapor-based drug delivery. Here, the authors devise inhalable biohybrid microrobots that, thanks to their motility, reach deeper regions of the lungs.

CAR-T cell therapies targeting BCMA have shown promising responses in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), however primary resistance and relapse are frequently observed. Here the authors report the results of a phase I//II study of bispecific CAR T-cells targeting BCMA and CD19 in relapsed/refractory MM.

This study maps the single-axon projections of 7,180 hypothalamic peptidergic neurons in male mice and uncovers extensive collateralization, topographic target innervation and modular intra-hypothalamic organization.

Reliable and consistent measurement of the carrier diffusion length in metal halide perovskite single crystals has proven difficult. Here Gong, Huang et al. systematically included very dilute quantum dot quenchers into perovskite crystals and develop a contactless and self-consistent method for the task.

Riboswitches consist of an aptamer ___domain and expression platform, which senses a signal and regulates gene expression, respectively. Here the authors show that the expression platform of a SAM-I riboswitch from the Gram-negative bacteria can sense and bind uncharged an initiator Met tRNA to control the met operon.

Neuroblastoma cell differentiation is regulated by Id proteins. Here, the authors show that CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation of Beclin 1 can activate K63-linked ubiquitination and autophagic degradation of Id proteins uncovering a role for autophagy in cell differentiation.