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Phase transitions are often revealed by a discontinuous behaviour of thermodynamic quantities. Here, the authors study the thermodynamic behaviour of a trapped 2D photon gas, revealing critical behaviour at the phase transition through a cusp singularity of the specific heat.

An extreme Einstein ring ~10,000 times as bright as the Milky Way in the infrared is studied with VLT/ERIS and ALMA, and the authors find that the lensed galaxy is a starburst with a fast-rotating disk, rather than being driven by a major merger.

A Bose–Einstein condensate prepared in low Earth orbit shows a free-expansion time greater than one second, demonstrating the advantages of a microgravity environment for such studies.

An Alice ring is related to the unusual topology of the monopole field and its decay. Here the authors demonstrate a topological monopole defect in the form of an Alice ring using gaseous Bose–Einstein condensates of 87Rb atoms.

A new method to form Bose–Einstein condensates of quasiparticles based on the rapid decrease in the phonon temperature was proposed and shown experimentally.

A single electron in a defined orbital is found to interact with a quantum many-body system through electron–phonon coupling.

Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entangled beams are sent to a 0.5-m-long optical resonator. To reduce quantum noise in a frequency-dependent manner in the gravitational detector, two-mode frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum states are generated.

Spin-orbit coupling is interesting for fundamental understanding of spin transport and quench dynamics. Here the authors demonstrate spin-current generation and its relaxation in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates of Rb atoms in different spin states.

This paper presents an experimental and theoretical study of the Bose–Einstein condensation phase transition of a trapped atomic gas. The vortices formed spontaneously during condensation are observed and characterized, and the results provide further understanding of the development of coherence in superfluids.

Non-equilibrium Bose–Einstein condensation of 7 ± 2 photons is observed in a sculpted dye-filled microcavity. The small number of particles allows the authors to access and characterize the non-equilibrium dynamics of the bosonic modes.

'Strong coupling' of atomic Bose—Einstein condensates to cavities has remained an elusive goal, but this paper reports such an experiment, made possible by combining a fibre-based cavity with atom-chip technology. The set-up gives rise to a controlled, tuneable coupling rate.

P-selectin has been considered as a biomarker of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging. Here, Yang et al. uncovered a new functional role of P-selectin engagement in regulating HSC regeneration and driving stem cell aging when perturbed.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The epigenetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic diversity across different metastatic sites in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remain to be characterised. Here, multi-omic profiling across metastatic lesions identifies regulatory networks driving tumour lineage programs and potential therapeutic targets.

A long-period radio transient with coincident radio and X-ray emission and observational properties unlike any known Galactic object has been observed by the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder.

Within quantum electrodynamics electric charge is energy dependent, and there is a previous claim that charge is affected by gravity (general relativity) with the implication that the charge is reduced at high energies. But that claim has been very controversial. This author reports an analysis demonstrating that quantum gravity corrections to quantum electrodynamics have a quadratic energy dependence that results in the electric charge vanishing at high energies.

Quantum spin-ice phases are predicted to have emergent gauge fields and fractionalization. Neutron scattering and thermodynamic measurements of the quantum spin-ice candidate Ce₂Zr₂O₇ show features consistent with these predictions.

Colloidal perovskite quantum dots hold promise for polaritonic devices with strong excitonic confinement. Here the authors report the observation of room-temperature cavity exciton-polariton condensation in a perovskite-based quantum dot solid, opening the door towards quantum and photonics applications.

Chemically driven blockade of PU.1 binding sites leads to its genome-wide redistribution. PU.1 network rewiring causes human acute myeloid leukemia cells to differentiate.

Exciton–polariton condensates have garnered interest as a means to access macroscopic displays of quantum phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluidity. In this work, a direct measure of the polariton–polariton interaction is obtained.

Total cell cycle duration is a key hallmark of cancer initiation, and determines whether defects in apoptosis, senescence, immune surveillance, angiogenesis, DNA repair, polarity and proliferation lead to cancer development.

While BH3-mimetics can be effective for treatment of haematological malignancies, their efficacy in solid tumours is limited. Here, using a range of patient-derived prostate cancer models, the authors demonstrate that increased replication stress induced by RB1 loss confers sensitivity to BH3 mimetics targeting BCL-XL.

Oblique line scan microscopy achieves nanoscale spatial and sub-millisecond temporal resolution across a large field of view, enabling improved and robust single-molecule biophysical measurements and single-molecule tracking in both cells and solution.

Physical computing, particularly photonic computing, offers a promising alternative by directly encoding data in physical quantities, enabling efficient probabilistic computing. This Perspective discusses the challenges and opportunities in photonic probabilistic computing and its applications in artificial intelligence.

The authors observe a reduction in thermal conductivity when transitioning from single to multi-cation oxides, exploring the role of local bonding distortions in phonon scattering and thermal transport.

Phase transitions in quantum matter are related to correlation effects and they can change the ordering of material. Here the authors measure the first-order spatial correlation and the de Broglie wavelength for both thermal and condensed form of a photonic Bose gas in a dye-filled optical microcavity.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Ruthenium oxide has attracted recent interest as a non-superconducting material where superconductivity can be induced by epitaxial strain. Here, the authors explore strained (100)-oriented RuO₂ films on TiO₂(100) substrate and reveal strain-induced superconductivity similarly to strained RuO₂(110) films, providing insights into the thickness-dependence and electronic structure mechanisms of superconductivity.

A photonic computing platform using chaotic light for probabilistic arithmetic enables ultrafast, parallel processing. The system predicts classification and uncertainty simultaneously. The optical architecture allows efficient distribution evaluations at each output in a single time step.

Enhancing quantum coherence is key for developing applied hybrid quantum technologies. Here, the authors optimize quantum coherence in exciton-polariton condensates by minimizing, via spatial separation, the condensate’s interaction with surrounding excitons and free carriers, thereby paving the way for integrating polariton systems into hybrid quantum devices.

Biomolecular condensates play a role in cellular processes and their size affects reaction pathways. The size distribution is connected to varying contributions of nucleation and coalescence.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

The immune receptor Transmembrane and immunoglobulin ___domain containing 2 (TMIGD2) mediates T-cell and nature killer cells co-stimulation upon B7-family HHLA2 engagement. Here, the authors show that TMIGD2 is expressed in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia stem cells regulating self-renewal and differentiation to facilitate leukemogenesis.

We present James Webb Space Telescope observations that detect the 3.3 μm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon feature in a galaxy observed less than 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang.

Clonal hematopoiesis is driven by the selective advantage of mutant hematopoietic stem cells. Here, authors discover that elevated mitochondrial activity is a targetable mechanism by which mutant hematopoietic stem cells gain a selective advantage.