Search

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Self-powered nanogenerators by harvesting energy from the environment are desirable for future portable and wearable electronics. Liet al. show the use of ferroelectret nanogenerators to build microphone or loudspeaker, which convert electrical signals to mechanical motions in a reversible manner.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a ___location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Using pancreatic organoids and genetic mouse models, Antonucci et al. show that cellular stress activates an NRF2–EZH2 epigenetic axis leading to metabolic reprogramming and subsequent malignant transformation of KRAS-mutant benign lesions.

Species’ traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. Here, the authors find that dominant tree species are taller and have softer wood compared to rare species and that these trait differences are more strongly associated with temperature than water availability.

The mechanism of macrophage cytotoxicity against cancer cells requires further illustration. By employing CRISPR screening in CAR-macrophage and cancer cell co-culture system, the authors identify depletion of ATG9A on cancer cells sensitizes them to macrophage-mediated killing, which can be synergic with CSF1R inhibition in cancer treatment.

A population of TRAIL-positive astrocytes in glioblastoma contributes to an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment and this mechanism can be targeted with an engineered oncolytic virus to improve outcomes.

Charge transfer is facilitated in molecular systems through orbital coupling. Here the authors use core-hole-clock spectroscopy to show that electron transfer from an argon atom caged in a fullerene can be up to two orders of magnitude faster than for the isolated atom.

While the STING-type-I interferon pathway plays a key role in anti-tumour immunity, current direct STING agonists have limited therapeutic benefit. Here, the authors identify ENPP1 as a safer and more effective STING-modulating target than direct STING agonism, and use an AI-based drug design platform to design the ENPP1-selective inhibitor ISM5939.

Preliminary results from a phase 2a trial involving 71 patients suggest that a new agent, discovered and designed with artificial intelligence assistance, is safe and effective for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

The researchers present the integration of a modulator and an optical processor on a single chip based on the TFLN platform, demonstrating a system capable of high RF performance and multifunctionality. The results provide evidence that highly integrated and high-performance microwave photonic circuits are achievable.

Picks include a rogue gene-editor, a wunderkind physicist and a DNA detective who helped catch a serial killer.

This study uses genetic crossing to identify the genes underlying the differences in virulence between two Cryptosporidium isolates. Candidate genes are validated using genetic editing, revealing that the small granule protein SKSR1 is a key virulence factor in Cryptosporidium.

Wastewater treatment plants are important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, the authors analyze ARGs in a global collection of samples from wastewater treatment plants across six continents, providing insights into biotic and abiotic mechanisms that appear to control ARG diversity and distribution.

N-terminal acetylation dysregulation in the heart causes severe arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy. The authors show that stem cell models demonstrate ion channel trafficking defects and sarcomeric disarray as the underlying mechanisms, with gene therapy reversing both phenotypes

In this study authors use morphological profiling and CRISPR/Cas9 genetic screens to investigate the mechanisms by which BiDACs induce the degradation of plasma membrane receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) EGFR and Her2.

Chromosome-level genome assemblies of nine tetraploid and two diploid wild Oryza species provide insights into genome evolution within the genus Oryza and the potential for crop improvement and neodomestication.

Tuft cells constitutively express IL-25 to sustain ILC2 homeostasis in the intestine, but mechanisms driving IL-25 secretion have been unclear. Here, Feng et al. find that tuft cells express IL-17RB, which is required to regulate the bioavailability of IL-25 and to restrain the activation of ILC2s during homeostasis.

The genetic basis of C-reactive protein levels remains underexplored in diverse populations. Here, the authors show 113 loci associated with CRP across ancestries, highlighting 55 novel genes and ancestry-specific signals with functional and disease relevance.

How can the brain improve memory for an experience after it has occurred? Halpern et al. use intracranial EEG to show that, even while processing current experiences, people reactivate old ones and re-encode them, turning thoughts into memories.

In correlated materials, new phases emerge when the balance between many-body interactions is perturbed. Here, Ma et al. induce a mosaic charge-density-wave phase out of Mott insulating state in layered 1T-TaS₂by voltage pulses, which reveals a dominating role of interlayer stacking order.

Genomic evolutionary rates are decomposed to identify the dominant lineages and genes driving rate variation across the phylogeny of birds.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Azacitidine (AZA) response in myelodysplastic neoplasms is unpredictable. Here, the authors show in a phase 2 trial that while global methylation changes did not differ by response, baseline and initial CpG methylation differences in HSPCs predicted AZA response.

Catenanes can exhibit chirality even when their component rings are achiral. Here an isostructural desymmetrization strategy is developed, demonstrating that two achiral rings, each featuring two mirror planes and a two-fold axis of symmetry, can form a catenane with tuneable mechanical chirality.

Homologous recombination (HR) gene mutations are thought to be synthetic lethal with DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) inhibition. Here, the authors reveal that Polθ addiction is determined by the functional impact of gene mutations on DNA end resection activity.

Lung and gastrointestinal diseases often occur together. Here, the authors present a multi-ancestry study showing the shared genetic architecture between lung and gastrointestinal diseases.

A genome-wide association study including over 76,000 individuals with schizophrenia and over 243,000 control individuals identifies common variant associations at 287 genomic loci, and further fine-mapping analyses highlight the importance of genes involved in synaptic processes.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

An artificial intelligence model defines a data-driven set of total parenteral nutrition compositions to assist clinicians in personalized treatment of neonates in intensive care and is able to adapt recommendations to patient status, with validation from large external cohorts and a blinded reader study.

Once a poor village, Shenzhen is now one of the wealthiest cities in China. David Cyranoski learns its plans for the future.

A unified framework is presented that integrates observed spatial patterns of individual trees in forests with ecological processes into a novel coexistence theory.

Understanding principles that govern protein association with extracellular vesicles should expand their potential as a therapeutic modality. Here, the authors show that by localizing proteins to the plasma membrane and lipid rafts, a variety of proteins can be preferentially loaded into extracellular vesicles.

Wood density is an important plant trait. Data from 1.1 million forest inventory plots and 10,703 tree species show a latitudinal gradient in wood density, with temperature and soil moisture explaining variation at the global scale and disturbance also having a role at the local level.

Here, integrating ribosome profiling, RNA-seq and proteomics to reveal transcriptional and post-translational regulation in HIV-infected T cells, the authors show that non-AUG translation of viral upstream ORFs elicits distinct immune responses and regulates viral gene expression in a DDX3-dependent manner.

Limited whole genome sequencing (WGS) of Asian populations results in a lack of representative reference panels, hindering imputation of Asian ancestry-specific genetic variants. Here the authors use WGS data from 11,067 individuals across 17 Asian countries to create a new reference panel which shows improved imputation accuracy for South Asian populations.

Pesticides affect a diverse range of non-target species and the magnitude of this hazard remains only partially understood. Wan et al. found that insecticides, fungicides and herbicides have negative effects on non-target plants, animals and microorganisms within terrestrial and aquatic systems.

Using avian trait data and genomic data, the authors infer whether changes in net effective population size over time in response to climate change are correlated with multiple morphological and life history traits; they find that larger-bodied, slower-reproducing species with limited dispersal capacity are most sensitive to changes in warming and cooling climates.

In-depth characterization of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated CRISPR delivery is still lacking. Here, the authors show high levels of integration into Cas9-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in therapeutically relevant genes in vivo.

Mutations in the chromatin modifier Chd7 have been associated with CHARGE syndrome and other developmental disorders. Here the authors show that Chd7 is required for the activation of genes essential for cerebellar granule cell differentiation, and that disrupting Chd7 leads to cerebellar hypoplasia in mice.