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Multimodal Large Language Models are energy intensive and computationally demanding. Here, the authors developed a series of lightweight Multimodal Large Language Models deployable on edge devices.

Traditional tactile systems suffer from the physical separation between sensing and processing units, causing latency and power issues. Here, Chen et al. report a capacitive in-sensor tactile computing system, using sensor networks to execute in-situ multiplication and accumulation operations.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

This study presents a self-rectifying memristor (SRM) with high rectification ratio based on a TiN/HfO_x/Pt structure. It demonstrates minimal device-to-device and cycle-to-cycle variations, enabling scalability and suitability for in-memory computing. SRM-based crossbar arrays achieve software-comparable accuracy and show promise to enhance autonomous driving security and reliability.

Lilies are popular ornamental and medicinal plants with gigantic genomes. This study reports a high-quality genome assembly of royal lily (Lilium regale), revealing its transposon-driven genome expansion and epigenetic mechanisms for adaptation, offering a resource for lily research and breeding.

Breast cancer cells interact with cancer-associated adipocytes in the microenvironment. Here, the authors report that the cross-talk between these two cell types is dependent on Zeb1, which remodels the tumor-associated adipose microenvironment to confer breast cancer progression.

Electrification is a promising way to decarbonize the chemical industry but could also have important effects on power systems. Here the authors assess the impact of electrifying the production of methanol and ammonia on the Chinese power system in terms of emissions and potential security risks.

Schizophrenia exhibits significant variability in brain structures, traditionally viewed as static due to heterogeneous subgroups. Here the authors use magnetic resonance imaging data from 1,792 individuals with schizophrenia to reveal that gray matter volume variability is greater in early stages and decreases over time, highlighting dynamic brain alterations with implications for understanding disease progression.

Lan et al. demonstrate the high performance of plasma p-tau217 in detecting and tracking multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, outperforming other plasma tau biomarkers across two Chinese cohorts (GHABS and Huashan) and the North American ADNI cohort.

Xu et al. establish the importance of H2A.Z in mouse oocyte development. H2A.Z is incorporated into chromatin at promoters and putative enhancers, and its presence promotes histone acetylation in fully grown oocytes.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

Sadhu et al. identify and functionally validate ferredoxin-1 (FDX1) as a determinant of cholesterol metabolism and cardiovascular risk in Asian populations.

A facile light-triggered doping strategy involving a series of inactive photoactivable dopants is described that facilitates tunable regionally controlled n-doping of organic semiconductors, resulting in stable patterning of the doping profile at record high resolutions.

Wan, J. Shi, M. Shi, Huang et al. report a role for lactate dehydrogenase B in regulating CD8⁺ T cell disulfidptosis and exhaustion through the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, thereby impacting the efficacy of antitumour immunity.

Formation and metasomatism of the Moon’s primary crust constrained by experimentally determined partition coefficients for chlorine coupled with models of the evolution of the lunar interior.

Here, based on single-pass intestinal perfusion platform, the authors establish a microbiota-based drug permeability screening framework to compare perfusion and metabolomic profiles of 32 orally administered drugs in germ-free rats, and show that increased permeability of N-Acetylcysteine is mediated by cysteine-3-ketosphinganine of Bacteroides.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

The RNA binding protein hnRNPL is recruited to chromatin by the PIK3CB promoter-transcribed non-coding RNA and forms phase-separated condensates, which activates PIK3CB transcription and glycolysis, thus promoting ovarian cancer progression.

Boron-containing drug candidates have garnered increasing attention due to their pharmacological properties and application in boron neutron capture therapy. Here, the authors report a transition metal-free anti-addition of pinacolborane to alkynes, facilitated by the counteranion effect for the facile construction of bora-butenolide bioisosteres.

Expanding editing scope while reducing byproducts is now possible for prime editing. Here, authors develop reverse prime editing (rPE), a SpCas9-based tool enabling editing in reverse window with high fidelity and demonstrate its use in inserting therapeutic variants.

The phenol industry faces a pressing sustainability challenge from the production of acetone as a by-product at a level far beyond its market. Here the authors develop an electro-biosystem that can efficiently convert such surplus acetone into valuable long-chain commodity chemicals.

Bamboo’s native structure, defined by the vertical growth pattern of its vascular bundles and parenchyma cell tissue, limits its application in advanced engineering materials. Here the authors show a method that controls localized moisture content to shape natural bamboo into a versatile three-dimensional structural product.

Cerebral asymmetry, crucial for cognitive functions, often changes in neuropsychiatric disorders. This study maps structural brain asymmetry in 11,000 children aged 10–14 years, identifying age-related patterns linked to genetics, environment, cognition, and psychiatric risks.

Treatment selection for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) after hepatectomy remains challenging. Here, the authors develop HEROVision, a Vision Transformer-based model for personalised prognosis prediction and treatment optimisation in rHCC based on clinical and imaging data, outperforming other guideline staging systems and revealing patients who would benefit from changing treatments.

The neural substrates of anxiety are poorly understood. Here authors show that VMH αCaMKII⁺ neurons reduce anxiety when stressed. Ghrelin receptor GHS-R1a inhibits these neurons, promoting anxiety. Targeting GHS-R1a may help treat anxiety disorders.

Tao et al. study the role of TRMT6 in colorectal cancer, where it is upregulated and show that TRMT6 supports histone biosynthesis by stabilizing tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1. Targeting TRMT6 reduced histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner.

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) has been identified to play a role in tumour progression but its involvement in anti-tumour immunity of esophagael squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here the authors report that the inhibition of STING-mediated anti-tumour immunity by HMGA1 results in promotion of ESCC tumorigenesis.

The mechanisms whereby METH yields strong addiction potential is not fully understood. Here, authors show that METH may impair the function of the endogenous OXT system, particularly the PVN^OXT-NAc core pathway, suggesting OXT-based therapies for METH use disorder (MUD).

The correlated errors in superconducting qubits have been linked to high-energy particle impacts from cosmic rays, but a direct observation has been lacking. Here, the authors measure the quasiparticle bursts and correlated errors and separate the contributions of cosmic-ray muons and γ-rays in a 63-qubit processor.

Abnormal T cell proliferation often triggers autoimmune disorders. Here the authors show that T cell-specific deficiency of the enzyme N-acetyltransferase 10 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalitis potentially by RACK1-mediated regulation of T cell metabolism and expansion.

Clinical trials of CD47 blocking antibody in human cancer patients have not yielded ideal results. Here the authors show that USP2 stabilizes CD47 through deubiquitination, whereas USP2 inhibition enhances macrophage phagocytosis, reprograms tumor microenvironment and synergizes with anti-PD-1 treatment.

Flexible low temperature adhesives are highly desired, though preserving these properties at low temperatures is challenging. Here the authors show a cobweb-inspired flexible adhesive, resistant to low temperatures, and can be fabricated without solvent on the kilogram scale.

Asymmetric multicomponent reactions that aim to control multiple chiral centers with high selectivity in a single step remain an ongoing challenge. Here, the authors present a photoredox- and chromium-catalyzed enantioselective three-component (hetero)arylalkylation of 1,3-dienes through C-H functionalization.

The asymmetric dearomatization photocatalysis of unactivated arenes remains challenging and rare. Herein the authors demonstrate an enzyme‐mimicking cage‐confined visible‐light asymmetric photocatalysis method for intramolecular dearomative cycloaddition with electron‐deficient β‐aryl enones.

Binary stars with orbital periods of less than a day show magnetic activity beyond the saturation limit of single stars. This enhanced activity is probably driven by a large-scale α–ω dynamo during common-envelope evolution.

Seawater is the most abundant source of uranium. This work shows a bipolar electrochemical mining process from seawater at ultra-low voltages, ensuring maximized extraction efficiency and minimized energy consumption.

The stereospecific Z/E isomerization of tetrasubstituted alkenes remains underdeveloped, thus lacking in a stereodivergent synthesis of axially chiral alkenes. Here, authors report the atroposelective synthesis of tetrasubstituted alkene analogues by asymmetric allylic substitution-isomerization, followed by the photocatalyzed Z/E isomerization.

Nitrate pollutants are known to contribute to a variety of environmental problems. Here, the authors suggest that nano-sized titanium dioxide, as used in numerous surface coatings, may catalyse the formation of nitrate via the photochemical reaction of atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen.

Some thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzymes are powerful biocatalysts, forming carbon–carbon bonds between two α-keto acids, but their catalytic properties have been poorly understood. Now the substrate selectivity and catalytic stereoselectivity of two representative enzymes, CsmA and BbmA, have been fully characterized. Enzymatic total synthesis using these enzymes generates diverse carboligation products.