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The full exploitation of back contact silicon solar cells is crucial to achieve a high performance for potential industrialization. Here, authors incorporate a double-sided light management strategy to reduce optical losses, achieving a total-area efficiency of 27.03% for 350 cm2 solar cells.

Legionella effector LnaB, a recently identified actin-activated AMPylase, mediates phosphoryl-AMPylation in a yet-unknown manner. Here the authors unveil a two-step catalytic process involving dual ATPase–AMPylase activity based on structural studies, providing a biochemical basis for AMPylation.

Advanced membranes for industrial-scale water electrolysis hold promise yet pose challenges. Here, the authors report a two-step casting and phase separation strategy to design a composite membrane with differentially structured pores that combines ion transport and gas barrier functions.

Treatment selection for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) after hepatectomy remains challenging. Here, the authors develop HEROVision, a Vision Transformer-based model for personalised prognosis prediction and treatment optimisation in rHCC based on clinical and imaging data, outperforming other guideline staging systems and revealing patients who would benefit from changing treatments.

A new group of multi-principal-element alloys, designed through machine learning and extreme microstructural heterogeneities, achieve high strength (1.8-GPa yield strength) and ductility (25% uniform elongation) at room temperature.

Anode-free sodium metal batteries without excess sodium achieve high energy density and low cost, but their cycling stability remains poor. Here an optimized current collector interphase enables unprecedented cyclability and energy density.

Advanced electrolyte is essential for high-energy-density lithium metal batteries. Here, the authors design a molecular anchoring dilute electrolyte via intermolecular hydrogen bonding with free solvents to improve the battery electrochemical and thermal stabilities.

Sodium metal batteries hold promise for next-generation energy storage but struggle with uneven sodium deposition and dendrite growth. Here, authors introduce a nanotwinned- alloy strategy to enable spherical sodium deposition and dendrite-free growth, which enhance battery performance.

Water adsorbed on the electrode surface of electrochemical energy storage devices narrows the electrochemical windows. Combining atomistic simulations and cyclic voltammetry experiments the authors demonstrate an approach to expand the voltage window of humid ionic liquids based on the addition of lithium salt.

This study presents BOOST, a rapid and robust expansion microscopy workflow using microwave-accelerated chemistry to achieve a single-step 10-fold expansion of cells, tissue sections, and FFPE sections. The workflow enables high-resolution visualisation of biological structures and is adaptable for broad applications.

Methods that enable the cleavage of Si−C(sp³) bonds catalytically remain rare. Here the authors report the synthesis of spirosilacycles via palladium-catalysed spiro-sila-cyclization of trialkylsilane derivatives; the reaction proceeds via cleavage of a C(sp³)−Si bond and insertion of an alkylpalladium complex.

The bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila secretes effectors that affect protein ubiquitination within host cells, involving production of phosphoribosyl ubiquitin (PR-Ub). Here, the authors identify additional effectors that convert PR-Ub back into functional ubiquitin, thus maintaining ubiquitin homeostasis in infected cells.

The mechanisms of the natural control of hepatitis B virus infection remain obscured. Here, the authors reveal that matrix stiffness influences HBV replication via YAP-mediated mechanosignaling, uncovering a novel non-cytolytic mechanism for clearing viral infections in the liver.

Trace amounts of strong acid can suppress Zn corrosion and promote uniform Zn deposition. Here, the authors use HTFSI to create a hydrophobic micro-environment at the Zn-electrolyte interface, enabling high efficiency and cycling stability.

Here the authors propose method for generating octave-spectral-wide ultraviolet pulses in capillary fibres by coupling dispersive-wave radiation with soliton-splitting dynamics, which may trigger advanced applications in ultrafast optics.

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and PAF-like phospholipids were identified as propagators of ferroptosis, whereas PAFAH2 suppressed synchronized ferroptosis and, thus, prevented tubular cell death in acute kidney injury.

Producing valuable chemicals like ethylene via catalytic CO conversion is an important nonpetroleum route. Here, authors demonstrate high-rate electrosynthesis of multicarbon chemicals via CO electrolysis, with a multicarbon product partial current density of 4.35 A cm⁻² at a cell voltage of 2.78 V.

The regulation of genetic diversity resulting from polyploidization and its impact on environmental adaptability remain unclear. Here, the authors show that LHP1-mediated epigenetic buffering of subgenome diversity and defense responses confers genome plasticity and adaptability in allopolyploid wheat.

Human multidrug resistance protein 5 (hMRP5) effluxes anticancer and antivirus drugs, driving multidrug resistance. Here, the authors present cryo-EM structures of hMRP5 in different states, showing that hMRP5 can be autoinhibited by a short peptide from its N-terminal tail, which prevents the entry of substrates into hMRP5’s transport pathway.

Chloroplasts are ancient prokaryotes that divide by constriction of a ring-like division machinery. Structural determination of the intermembrane region of the ARC6–PDV2 complex helps to understand the coordination between inner and outer rings.

Here, authors use a membrane electrode assembly is conducted to produce adipic acid with high faradaic efficiency and productivity at an industrially relevant current density, while achieving >50 hours stability.

Vascular protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) regulates thrombosis and targeting extracellular PDI remains a promising antithrombotic approach. Here, the authors show that PDI cleaves allosteric disulfides on histidine-rich glycoprotein to influence its functions during coagulation and thus fine-tune the kinetics of thrombus formation.

The NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex is a main reactive oxygen species (ROS) source during inflammation. Here the authors report that NCF4, a subunit of the NOX2 complex, acts a sensor of ROS levels and regulates NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation, associated with attenuated colorectal cancer progression.

This study compiled a comprehensive global database on live terrestrial vertebrate trade and used it to investigate traded alien species. The authors identify 7,780 species involved in trade globally and show that countries with greater trading power, higher incomes and larger human populations import more alien species, which emerge as hotspots for establishment richness of aliens.

Short prokaryotic Argonaute and Sir2 proteins function as an antivirus system. Here the authors describe structures of SPARSA (a heterodimer of Sir2-APAZ and prokaryotic Argonaute) with and without template DNA and guide RNA, providing structural basis of its assembly and activation by the recognition of the invading virus.

Here, the authors apply the Activity-by-Contact (ABC) model to infer enhancer-gene regulation and the effect of associated variants across multiple cancer types, integrating genetic and multi-omics data. Then, they explore the mechanisms associated with ABC regulatory variants in colorectal cancer.

Tannins in grains prevent sparrow consumption but cause bitterness for people with sensitive taste. A study uncovered genes controlling tannin presence in sorghum and revealed a coevolution among humans, sorghums and birds linked by tannins in African agroecosystems.

Cellular metabolism is important in pluripotency and cell fate regulation. Here, authors observe chromatin remodeling followed by TCA enzyme translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus, demonstrating pluripotency regulation by mitochondria to nucleus retrograde signaling.

The deconfined quantum critical point describing a continuous phase transition from a plaquette-singlet to an antiferromagnetic Néel phase in SrCu₂(BO₃)₂ has remained elusive. Here, the authors conduct high-pressure heat capacity measurements on the material providing experimental evidence indicating a first-order quantum phase transition between the two different symmetry-breaking phases.

The direct impacts of transposable element dynamics on polyploid regulation and developmental specificity remain unclear. Here, the authors show that a large proportion of enhancer-like elements (ELEs) are mainly originated from RLG_famc7.3 specifically expanded in subgenome A, producing active nascent transcripts and influencing wheat spike development.

Catalytic oxidation of biomass-derived aldehydes and alcohols into acids is challenging due to low activity and selectivity. Here the authors report a Pd/Ni(OH)₂ electrocatalyst with abundant Ni²⁺-O-Pd interfaces that enables efficient electrooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid with high selectivity and product yield.

Oncogenic KRAS signalling is required for tumor initiation; however KRAS-dependency at advanced stages is less understood. Here, the authors show that, in established KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer, KRAS-ablation does not affect intrinsic tumorigenic capacity but elicits antitumor immune response, highlighting the importance of KRAS-driven immune suppression in tumor maintenance.

Observation of a high-pressure insulating state in cuprate superconductors provides a fresh challenge for understanding the mechanism of superconductivity in these materials.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease. Here, Wray and colleagues identify association of the GPX3-TNIP1 locus with ALS using cross-ethnic meta-analyses.

Here the authors pull apart the cellular composition of the tumor microenvironment using RNA sequencing data from a wide variety of cancer types. They identify immunity quantitative trait loci and integrate these data with analysis of colorectal cancer cohorts, creating a polygenic risk score and a database for community access.

The Ras oncogene has many different roles in cancer including the production of cytokines that can influence the tumour microenvironment. Here, Catanzaro et al.demonstrate that Ras can modulate the expression of SerpinB3/B4, which leads to increased cytokine production and tumour growth.

Accuracy loss and slow speed affect the identification of compounds through matching of mass spectra using a large-scale spectral library. Here the authors use Word2vec spectral embedding and hierarchical navigable small-world graph to improve accuracy and speed of spectral matching on their own million-scale in-silico library.