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Little is known about nitrogen loss processes in deep-sea cold seeps. Here, the authors report that cold seeps are potential hotspots of nitrogen loss, revealing high rates and a diverse range of nitrogen loss genes across multiple microbial phyla.

Traditional electrorefining process is limited by deposition potential of the metal itself. Here, the authors explore an in-situ anodic precipitation process based on different solubility of target metal chlorides that can efficiently separate components of aluminum alloys.

The suboptimal performance of perovskite solar cells based on non-fullerene acceptor as the electron-transporting layer underscores the need for their molecular engineering. Here, authors substitute the core of Y6 with phenanthroline and crown ether, achieving a certified efficiency of 25.59%.

CaiT is a membrane antiporter that catalyzes the exchange of L-carnitine with γ-butyrobetaine across the Escherichia coli membrane. The structure of CaiT indicates the existence of secondary substrate-binding sites in addition to the central primary binding site, thereby providing mechanistic insights into substrate translocation.

Tao et al. show that epidermal growth factor receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor activation enhances thymidine kinase 1 expression through ERK phosphorylation and deubiquitylation mediated by ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 9X, thus enhancing enzyme activity-dependent DNA synthesis and enzyme activity-independent glycolysis.

Single-atom catalysts can exhibit improved catalytic performance with respect to their bulk counterparts. Now, the authors introduce a yolk@shell catalyst with spatially separated Pd and Fe single sites that simultaneously catalyse nitroaromatic hydrogenation and alkene epoxidation reactions, leading to a cascade synthesis of amino alcohols.

Berberine has lipid-lowering effects and other metabolic benefits, but it presents with poor bioavailability. Here the authors conjugate berberine to liver-targeting nanoparticles, and show increased accumulation of berberine in the liver, improved metabolic profiles and reduced atherosclerotic plaques in mice.

Targeted black phosphorus nanosheet-based therapeutics that efficiently deliver resolvin D1 to lesional macrophages for the treatment of atherosclerosis by reducing oxidative stress and resolving inflammation have been discussed.

Platelets derive from megakaryocytes, which differentiate from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Here, Qu et al show that platelet-derived microparticles carrying miR-1915-3p target HSPCs and promote megakaryopoiesis by suppressing RHOB expression levels.

In this study, the authors report a potent neutralizing antibody targeting a conserved epitope within RSV pre-F that shows higher antiviral activity against both RSV-A and -B subgroups in vitro and in small animal models than FDA-approved prophylactic agents.

Imaging-based approaches have potential in information storage but achieving the required multiplexity can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of an MRI-based technique using 22 fluorinated quaternary ammonium derivatives with distinct ¹⁹F chemical shifts.

In a randomized phase 3 trial, neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 plus either paclitaxel and cisplatin or nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin elicited a significantly superior pathological complete response rate versus neoadjuvant paclitaxel and cisplatin alone in patients with resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Deubiquitinating of key proteins may be involved in podocyte injury and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Here, the authors show that OTUD5 in podocytes alleviates DKD through deubiquitinating TAK1 at the K158 site, preventing TAK1 phosphorylation and inflammatory responses in podocytes.

In a large-scale, international, multicenter, phase 1/1b trial, treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors with the B7H3-targeting antibody–drug conjugate YL201 was safe and showed preliminary clinical efficacy.

Dysregulation of basal progenitor cells induces esophageal tumorigenesis but the underlying mechanism is less explored. Here, the authors show that Jag1/2 deficiency promotes expansion of basal progenitor cells, leading to reduced squamous epithelial differentiation and enhanced formation of squamous cell carcinoma in the foregut.

TP63 is a master regulator transcription factor in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Here the authors report that TP63 suppresses IFNγ signaling in SCC tumors and that its inhibition is associated with enhanced anti-tumor immunity and response to anti-PD1.

The authors show that ELL3 maintains chromosomal ploidy by promoting spindle assembly and driving chromosome movement in oocytes. Deficiency of ELL3 results in oocyte aneuploidy and may lead to early miscarriage.

Pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a major cause of blindness. Here, the authors show that endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) promotes RNV through carbon monoxide derived from heme catabolism, and blocking EPCR offers therapeutic potential for the treating RNV.

Sun et al. report human lifespan changes in the brain’s functional connectome in 33,250 individuals, which highlights critical growth milestones and distinct maturation patterns and offers a normative reference for development, aging and diseases.

This study shows how including different ancestry groups in a genome-wide association study for prostate-specific antigen levels can improve prostate cancer risk prediction, with implications for population screening.

Understanding the phase behaviour of nanoconfined water is of importance in science & engineering. Here the authors use machine-learning force field molecular dynamics to report two new quasi-bilayer ice phases in the phase diagram of monolayer ices.

Pentafluorosulfanyl alcohols, compounds that serve as synthetically valuable building blocks, are difficult to prepare with current methodologies. Herein, the author report a single-step, metal-free, and photo-induced hydroxypentafluorosulfanylation of styrenes or α,β-unsaturated esters/amide for the synthesis of pentafluorosulfanyl alcohols.

Yang et al. report that the nucleolar protein fibrillarin (FBL) affects acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell function through biomolecular condensation-dependent regulation of early pre-rRNA processing and translation.

Li et al. report ZnF₂ as the additive to balance shell growth rate of ZnSe in large InAs/InP/ZnSe/ZnS core-multishell quantum dots. An in-situ photo-crosslinking blended hole-transport layer is used to modulate the energy levels for balanced carrier dynamics in NIR LEDs, enabling peak efficiency of 20.5% and operational half-lifetime of 550 h at 50 W sr⁻¹ m⁻².

Nanozymes offer diverse therapeutic avenues for cancer treatment. In this work, the authors report an iron-based quasi-metal organic framework nanozyme Q-MIL-53(Fe) with enhanced peroxidase and catalase-mimicking activity and glutathione depletion capacity and use it for tumor immunotherapy via inducing ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death.

The authors present a material-specific ab initio understanding of doped cuprates. Their method correctly captures two known experimental trends: the pressure effect, where the pairing order and gap increase with intra-layer pressure, and the layer effect, where the pairing order and gap vary with the number of copper-oxygen layers.

This work investigates the mechanoluminescence of Mn²⁺ -doped SrZnOS under rapid compression up to 10 GPa at different rates. Oscillatory mechanoluminescent phenomenon and rate-dependent mechanoluminescent kinetics are reported.

Multi-omics data are readily integrated using quartet reference materials.

This study reports that incorporating non-polar nanodomains into antiferroelectrics greatly enhanced the energy density and efficiency.

Domain wall between gapped graphene bilayers is believed to host one-dimensional topological states, which is yet waiting for direct evidences. Here, Yin et al.report images of the AB-BA stacked bilayer graphene ___domain wall, providing direct evidence for topological edge states in such system.

Exfoliation of layered materials into mono- or few-layers is desirable for both fundamental studies and practical applications. Here, the authors show that Young's equation can be used to predict the optimal cosolvent concentration for the effective exfoliation of graphite and molybdenum disulphide.

There is ongoing research into new electrocatalysts for hydrogen production from water splitting. Here, the authors report the electrocatalytic performance of nickel/nickel oxide heterostructures on carbon nanotubes, and are able to assemble a water electrolyzer operated by a single-cell 1.5 V battery.

Effective methods for the removal of micro-droplets of oil from water are sought-after to combat oil spills. Here, the authors report cactus-inspired oleophilic conical needle arrays capable of capturing micron-sized oil droplets with both high continuity and high throughput.

Environmental fluctuation is known to promote biodiversity on ecological timescales, but its consequences for the evolution of biodiversity are unknown. Here, the authors report that alternations in environmental conditions help maintain evolved biodiversity in rapidly diversifying bacterial populations.

Miniature of electronic devices is attractive yet challenging due to structural variation at nanoscale. Here, Gao et al. report atomic imaging of reconstruction and unusual ___domain walls on Pb(Zr_0.2Ti_0.8)O₃surfaces, providing possibilities to engineer nanoscale structural change.

Hybrids often show poorer performance than their parents due to conflict between parental genes, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, Chen et al. identify three genes that activate immune responses and hinder hybrids growth in rice, a finding that may help rice breeding.

The circuitry mechanism governing alert-driven accelerated locomotion remains unclear. Here, the authors report that a histamine-tuned subicular circuit plays a critical role in alert-driven accelerated locomotion in mice.

Computer haptics addresses tactile sensation and haptic rendering particularly for the Metaverse. Here, the authors report a design and implantation of a tactile scanner, to collect data used to render haptic feedback and recreate a feeling of touch.