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A rare variation in the promoter of qRBG1/OsBZR5 is associated with larger rice grains. OsBZR5 is found to negatively regulate grain size in rice, a biological role opposite to other OsBZR members. A regulatory module of OsGSK2–qRBG1–OsBZR1–D2–OFP1 is further revealed.

The growth of wide-bandgap perovskites remains insufficiently controlled under hybrid deposition. Here, the authors introduce n-propylamine hydrochloride for regulating the oriented crystal growth, achieving maximum efficiency of 26.46% for two-terminal perovskite/organic tandem solar cells.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

A new asymmetric non-fullerene acceptor, P2EH-1V, is designed and synthesized for constructing devices demonstrating record-high efficiencies of 26.7% (certified at 26.4%) over an aperture area greater than 1 cm² in perovskite–organic tandem solar cells.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Xu et al. establish the importance of H2A.Z in mouse oocyte development. H2A.Z is incorporated into chromatin at promoters and putative enhancers, and its presence promotes histone acetylation in fully grown oocytes.

This study identifies FABP4 as driver of postmenopausal osteoporosis and shows that targeting FABP4 with a small-molecule inhibitor or bone-targeted nanoparticles can reduce bone loss and offers a potential new treatment approach.

In highly myopic eyes, early formation of nuclear cataracts with polarized and compacted lens fiber alignment is observed, yet the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, the authors show that TGF-β1-induced m6A modifications contribute to this process by modulating the PCP pathway.

MUC1-C is overexpressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer and neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Here, the authors show that MUC1-C drives lineage plasticity through MYC and BRN2, inducing neuroendocrine features and stemness in prostate cancer.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Drought, fires, and human activities have reversed the accumulation of live biomass carbon in the Northern Hemisphere, with total biomass shifting from a positive to a negative trend around 2016.

Glycosylated asparagine residues that mediate the function of the B7H3 protein are unclear. Here the authors identify the important N-glycosylation sites for B7H3 cell surface localization and T cell inhibition, followed by the development of N91/309 and N104/322 preferentially targeting monoclonal antibody manifesting enhanced antitumor immunity.

Surface structure manipulation can manipulate the activity and durability of catalysts. Here, the authors report a series of one-dimensional single crystal cobalt oxide nanorods, and show that surface oxygen vacancy formation modifies electronic and adsorption properties leading to enhanced electrocatalysis.

Asparagales is the largest monocot order. Here, the authors produce the phylogeny of Asparagales with transcriptomic data from 455 species and investigate the evolution of genes involved with allium flavor biosynthesis.

Azacitidine (AZA) response in myelodysplastic neoplasms is unpredictable. Here, the authors show in a phase 2 trial that while global methylation changes did not differ by response, baseline and initial CpG methylation differences in HSPCs predicted AZA response.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Despite the existence of many N–N-containing natural metabolites, little is known about the enzymatic mechanisms of N–N bond formation. Now, a catalytically relevant X-ray crystal structure of an N–N-bond-forming enzyme, PipS, is reported and detailed insights into its catalytic mechanism are provided.

Tailored to provide diabetes management recommendations from large training and validation datasets, an artificial intelligence system integrating language and computer vision capabilities is shown to improve self-management of patients in a prospective implementation study.

In this study, authors conduct a genomic analysis of 15,000 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, revealing a dominant multidrug-resistant super-lineage (accounting for approximately 70% global isolates), with Clade 2.5.6 emerging in East Asia in 2006.

Traditional cultured meat scaffolds employ animal-derived biomaterials or intricate manufacturing, but plant-based scaffolds offer an appealing alternative. Here the authors present a simple shortcut method to transform common vegetables into edible bioscaffolds via autoclaving, which mimics meat stiffness and microstructure.

Quantum dots with a fine size dispersion offer attractive levels of functional control and manipulation. In this study, Yang et al. report an environmentally friendly top–down synthesis technique, based on laser irradiation of a polydisperse of lead sulphide nanocrystals.

X-ray synchrotron measurements reveal heterogeneities at electrode|electrolyte interfaces of lithium metal batteries operating at high potentials. Here the authors demonstrate the rearrangement of ionically conductive phases in polymer electrolytes that lead to battery performance degradation.

Knock-in mice conditionally or constitutively expressing Cas12 variants enable a wide range of ex vivo and in vivo applications requiring multiplexed genome engineering.

Hybrid necrosis in wheat is caused by the complementary genes Ne1 and Ne2. The underlying mechanism remains enigmatic. Here, Si et al. demonstrated that a genetic interaction between the α/β hydrolase (Ne1) and the NLR immune receptor (Ne2) triggers autoimmune responses, inducing hybrid necrosis.

The signalling pathways that confer differences in the responses of dendritic cells and macrophages to LPS remain poorly understood. Here, Ling et al.report that the integrin C11b is required for LPS-induced TLR4 trafficking and signalling in dendritic cells but not in macrophages.

The photocatalytic reforming of plastics into value-added chemicals offers a promising strategy to address environmental challenges while providing significant energy benefits. Here, the authors develop modified carbon nitride with enhanced visible light absorption, effectively anchoring under-coordinated IrN₂O₂ sites to catalyze the oxidation of persistent plastic derivatives.

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates a variety of physiological processes in plants. A molecule involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, the H-subunit of Mg-chelatase functions as an ABA receptor. This interaction controls seed germination and stomatal movement.

A deep learning algorithm shows promising performance in predicting progression to diabetic retinopathy in patients, up to 5 years in advance, potentially providing support for medical treatment decisions and indications for personalized screening frequency in a real-world cohort.

Species genomes are important for analyses of genetic variation. Wu et al. assembled a T2T genome of a male cashmere goat, including 288.5 Mb of previously unresolved regions, and identified selective variants and genes associated with domestication and cashmere traits.

8-oxoG is a common single-base DNA lesion caused by oxidative stress. Here, authors characterize the mutational signature of potassium bromate (KBrO₃) exposure, the chromatin structural determinants of 8-oxoG-induced mutation and the mechanisms involved in the repair of KBrO₃-induced 8-oxoG.

Modules of foldable crystalline silicon solar cells retain their power-conversion efficiency after being subjected to bending stress or exposure to air-flow simulations of a violent storm.

The authors highlight the role of acyl coenzyme A binding protein (encoded by DBI) in Cushing’s syndrome by using six different inhibition methods and mapping the physiological effects.

Red, green and blue CdSe/ZnSe quantum dot light-emitting diodes combine efficient operation with high brightness.

XPR1 is the only known protein that exports inorganic phosphate from cells. This study demonstrates that XPR1 uses a channel-like mechanism for phosphate transport, offering insights into potential therapeutic strategies for XPR1-linked diseases.

Oligodendrocyte (OL) injury and loss is a pathologic hallmark of multiple sclerosis. Here, the authors show the presence of stress granules in OLs in multiple sclerosis lesions, and their in vitro studies in human OLs indicate that stress granules formation is a response to a combination of metabolic stress and pro-inflammatory conditions.