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Arginine addiction induced by argininosuccinate synthase (ASSN1) deficiency has been exploited to treat ASS1-deficient cancers. Here, the authors show an alternative therapeutic approach where ASS1 activity is increased by the pesticide spinosyn A and is shown to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

The epidemic of fat-related metabolic disorders necessitates innovative therapies. Here, the authors show adipose-resident c-kit⁺ cells are crucial brown adipocyte progenitors and provide a promising way to manipulate adult brown adipose tissue for combating obesity and metabolic disorders.

Seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production faces challenges in creating robust anodes that resist corrosion. Here, the authors report a PW₁₂-polyoxometalate-modified CoFe hydroxide anode that achieves selective and durable seawater oxidation over 1300 hours at 1 A cm⁻².

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

Viral diversity on fresh vegetables is largely unknown. Here, Park et al. use viral metagenomics to analyze the phyllosphere virome of six vegetables, revealing their abundance, diversity, host interactions, and potential transfer to the human gut.

High-throughput immunoassay is crucial for scientific and clinical applications. Here, the authors introduce a multiplex immunoassay platform engineered by modifying a pipette tip with a self-assembled barcoded protein array. It outperforms the gold standard in sensitivity, speed, and sample volume.

The mechanism of lipoprotein sorting to the bacterial cell surface is still unclear. Here, authors determine the crystal structures of paLptDE-LptM and apo-paLptDE, providing insights into how SLPs are transported to the cell surface via LptDE.

Personalized nanovaccines can elicit robust T-cell response but identifying tumour-specific antigens sometimes remains challenging. Here these groups identify IFN-γ as a potent stimulator for the antigen presentation across a broad range of cancer cell types and then fabricating corresponding nanovaccine inducing poly-neoepitopic T-cell responses at low dosage.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Interferon-γ (IFNγ)-activated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2) phosphorylates phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) at serine 337 (S337), enabling glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) interaction, promoting α-ketoglutarate-dependent PHD3-mediated GPX4 proline 159 (P159) hydroxylation and stabilizing GPX4 to counteract ferroptosis.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

Solar cells based on 3D/2D perovskite heterostructures show promising performance, but ion diffusion limits the device stability. Now Luo et al. suppress ion diffusion by inserting a cross-linked polymer between the 2D and 3D layers, improving the operational stability.

Protein homeostasis is tightly regulated in developing sperm, which cease transcription during later stages of differentiation. Here they show that UBL7 can regulate the ubiquitin-proteasome system to safeguard key proteins during spermatogenesis.

Toxin B (TcdB) is a major exotoxin responsible for diseases associated with C. difficile infection. Here, Tian et al. show that several TcdB subtypes do not recognize the established FZD receptors, and identify a different host protein (TFPI) as a receptor for subtypes TcdB4 and TcdB10.

Herpes simplex encephalitis caused by HSV-1 is a common viral encephalitis with severe symptoms and poor prognosis. Here, the authors developed a new 3D human neurovascular unit (NVU) model in vitro that allows to probe the neuropathogenesis and therapeutics of HSV-1-associated encephalitis.

The role of KLF10 in exercise-mediated anti-obesity effects is not clear. Here, the authors show that exercise-induced adipose KLF10 interacts with FOXO1 and recruits KDM4A to transactivate lipolytic genes, which defends against obesity in male mice.

Single atom catalysts offer a promising approach for CO₂ electroreduction to CO, but achieving high efficiency remains challenging. Here, the authors report lanthanide single atom catalysts with the transition ability from bridge to linear adsorption that exhibit efficient CO production.

Ubiquitination plays an essential role in intracellular pathogen infections. Here, Wan et al. report how Legionella pneumophila hijacks the host ubiquitin system by building modified poly-ubiquitin chains at the Legionella-containing vacuole, preventing the recognition by host autophagy adaptors.

CRISPR-based detection has long been challenged by the separation of amplification and detection steps. In this study, Cheng et al., show that heparin sodium modulates Cas12 cleavage activity and apply a one pot system to detect clinical influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater.

Adipose-secreted SERPINA3C in exercised dams protects their offspring from high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders by promoting KLF4-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in adipose tissue.

The authors synthesize cubic GeSe through the alloying of the metavalent compound Sb₂Te₃ and vacancy engineering, achieving a record ZT of 1.38 at 723 K and an energy conversion efficiency of 6.13% in a single-leg thermoelectric device.

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy for cancer is promising, but delivery optimization is desirable. Here the authors generate cancer-targeting liposomes with anti-PD-L1 and doxorubicin for protease-mediated intratumoral release of both components, and see effective tumor control in mouse models, thereby hinting potential clinical translation.

The efficacy of cancer radio-immunotherapy is limited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here the authors report fusogenic liposomes loaded with Auranofin, a gold containing drug approved for rheumatoid arthritis, multivariate-gated aptamer assemblies and PD-L1 aptamers, as an adjuvant for melanoma-targeted radio-immunotherapy.

Tao et al. show that epidermal growth factor receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor activation enhances thymidine kinase 1 expression through ERK phosphorylation and deubiquitylation mediated by ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 9X, thus enhancing enzyme activity-dependent DNA synthesis and enzyme activity-independent glycolysis.

Deep-sea dissolved organic carbon is significantly removed within hadal trenches, positioning these regions as critical sinks in the global DOC pool and highlighting a potential coupling between the marine carbon cycle and tectonic activity.

This study identifies a positive-feedback loop between the ACC and the VTA that mediates the mutual exacerbation between hyperalgesia and comorbid anxiodepressive-like behaviors and, thereby, the chronicity of neuropathic pain.

Luo et al. report a self-driven hemispherical retinomorphic eye that employs ionogel heterojunctions as photoreceptors. This photoreceptor exhibits broadband photosynapse, high conformability, retinal transplantation, and visual restoration for re-time optical imaging and motion tracking.

Serotonin is important in depression-like behavior. Here the authors show that dorsal raphe neurons that project to the ventral tegmental area are involved in regulating stress responses in mice.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Cue-based therapies for treating drug addiction have proven to be only partially effective. Here the authors demonstrate a new memory retrieval based treatment protocol for drug addiction that results in long-lasting inhibition of drug seeking behavior in rodents.

Urinary proteomics offers sensitive, non-invasive biomarkers, but cross-platform LC-MS data comparability requires investigation. Here, the authors evaluate 20 LC-MS platforms, developing MSCohort, a QC system with 81 metrics, and a unified SOP, paving the way for precision medicine research.

The authors show that ELL3 maintains chromosomal ploidy by promoting spindle assembly and driving chromosome movement in oocytes. Deficiency of ELL3 results in oocyte aneuploidy and may lead to early miscarriage.

The authors construct a nanostructure consisting of defect dipole polarization and polymorphic relaxor phases. The high-entropy ceramic achieves an energy density of 11.23 J cm⁻³, an efficiency of 90.87%, along with temperature sensing feature.

A deep learning-based model, MitoReID, is presented for profiling changes in mitochondrial phenotypes, allowing for the identification of various drugs’ mechanism of action.

The authors strengthen the elasticity of Ag₂Se by microstructure engineering approach, realizing bendability of the thermoelectric generator for at least 1,000,000 times at a tiny bending radius of 3 mm with a high power density.

Efficient charge carrier separation is a substantial roadblock to achieving high performance in photoelectrochemical systems based on transition-metal oxides. Here a metal vacancy strategy is used to enhance hole mobility, resulting in general enhancement of photocurrent density in WO₃, TiO₂ and Bi₂O₃ photoanodes.

Researchers identified a subclass of lanthionine synthetase KC enzymes, revealing a functional dimer captured in different peptide binding states with a salt bridge required for catalysis.

Accurately predicting drug-target interactions and distinguishing the drug mechanisms are critical in drug discovery. The authors here propose a unified framework for predicting drug-target interactions, binding affinities and drug mechanisms.

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a vision-threatening response to ocular injury, in which retinal cells secrete tractional, scar-forming proteins. Here, the authors show that antibody blockade of either Annexin A2 or its inducer, macrophage inflammatory protein-1, prevents PVR in mice.

Chirality has long fascinated chemists, but asymmetric synthesis has largely focused on central, axial, and helical chirality to date. Here, the authors synthesize dianthranilides with planar chirality, via cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed (dynamic) kinetic resolution.

Fu, Sun, Xue, Zhou et al. show that the mitoprotease LONP1 selectively degrades a complex II component to control intracellular succinate levels, which is needed for white-to-beige adipocyte cell fate programming during adipocyte thermogenic remodelling.