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Xu et al. establish the importance of H2A.Z in mouse oocyte development. H2A.Z is incorporated into chromatin at promoters and putative enhancers, and its presence promotes histone acetylation in fully grown oocytes.

The exact role FoxO3 in the regulation of cardiac regeneration remains unclear. Here, the authors show that FoxO3 negatively controls cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration in postnatal mice at least in part by promoting Sfrp2 expression.

Sleep disorders increase the risk and mortality of heart disease. Here, the authors show that sleep fragmentation results in elevated copper levels in the male mouse heart and exacerbates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury with increased myocardial cuproptosis and apoptosis.

The neural mechanisms of memory consolidation during sleep are poorly understood. Here the authors show that isolated theta waves from nucleus reuniens initiate neural ensemble reactivation during sleep required for spatial memory consolidation.

A common but untested expectation is that nutrient enrichment causes biotic homogenization. However, a globally standardized nutrient addition experiment in grasslands shows proportionally similar species loss across scales and no biotic homogenization after up to 14 years of treatment.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) play a multifaceted role in the brain. Here, the authors show that OPCs regulate neuronal metabolism by forming contacts with neuronal somata, facilitating lysosomal release from neurons.

Stress granules are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Here, Wang et al. found intracellular energy deficiencies trigger a unique type of granules and disrupt granule disassembly through 4EBP1/eIF4A.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Chromium sulfur bromide is an air-stable van der Waals magnet, which has a large optical response. Here, Smolenski et al find a large exciton binding energy CrSBr, which they attribute to localization due to the quasi one-dimensional electronic bands.

In this Review, Nattel and colleagues discuss the evidence suggesting a pathophysiological role of cardiomyocyte inflammatory signalling in atrial fibrillation, consider the therapeutic potential associated with these signalling pathways, including strategies promoting the resolution of inflammation, and highlight crucial questions to be addressed in future research.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Fu, Sun, Xue, Zhou et al. show that the mitoprotease LONP1 selectively degrades a complex II component to control intracellular succinate levels, which is needed for white-to-beige adipocyte cell fate programming during adipocyte thermogenic remodelling.

Laryngeal echolocation occurs in two separate groups of bats, so it is not clear if this is an example of convergent evolution or if those bats that cannot echolocate previously lost the ability. Here, a study of cochlear development in bats and other mammals supports a single origin of echolocation.

Unsymmetric disulfides are prevalent in natural products and are essential in medicinal chemistry and materials science, but their robust synthesis poses significant challenges. Here, the authors report a novel transition-metalfree methodology for synthesizing unsymmetric disulfides through the addition of perthiyl radicals to alkenes.

Increasing the conversion efficiency of soliton crystals will enable further application of optical frequency comb. Here the authors engineer an hybrid Mach-Zehnder micro-ring resonator to achieve 80% pump-to-comb conversion efficiency based on dissipative Kerr solitons.

Spatial transcriptomics of histological sections have revolutionized basic research, while the actual biomolecular composition of the sample has fallen behind. Here, the authors propose a novel approach to analyze untargeted spatiomolecular Raman spectroscopy data through bioinformatic tools developed for transcriptomic analyses, and integrate them with additional Omics techniques.

NCOMMS-23-46799C Keratoconus can be effectively stabilized by corneal crosslinking (CXL), but the depletion of stromal oxygen limits the efficiency of CXL photochemical reactions. Here the authors address this issue by developing biocompatible graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots- based oxygen self-sufficient platforms.

The reconstitution of gentamicin B biosynthesis reveals the existence of multiple new intermediates and branching pathways and enables the identification of factors that contribute to the low levels of the natural product in the native producer.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells can model human brain development and disease, though current culture systems fail to ensure reliable production of high-quality organoids. Here the authors combine human brain extracellular matrix and culture in a microfluidic device to promote structural and functional maturation of human brain organoids.

DNA aptamers can activate insulin receptor as selective agonists or positive allosteric modulators. Here, authors determine structures of the insulin receptor bound to aptamers and provide a basis for the selective activation or allosteric regulation of insulin receptor.

Complementary types of retinal ganglion cell form mosaics with receptive fields that are farther apart than would be expected by chance, supporting the efficient coding of natural scenes.

While AMPKα is known for its role in regulating GLUT4 trafficking and subsequent glucose uptake into cells, its upstream regulators are not well understood. The authors provide evidence that PAK4 acts as an inhibitory kinase for AMPKα, thus impairing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.

SCOPE detects low-abundance extracellular vesicle mRNA with high sensitivity for clinical applications.

Regulation of PCNA ubiquitination is required for initiating lesion bypass and ensuring subsequent high-fidelity replication and ensure genome stability. Here, the authors reveal that BAZ1B inhibits ATAD5-UAF1-USP1, thereby preventing premature PCNA de-ubiquitination during lesion bypass under replicative stress.

The mechanism by which DNA methylation regulates female reproduction in insects is largely unknown. Here Zhao et al. demonstrate that the 5mC modification orchestrates timely choriogenesis and proper fertilization by preventing prolonged ftz-f1 expression in the German cockroach.

The Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) is known to regulate cellular homeostasis and energy metabolism, but its role in cell fate determination in the liver is unknown. Here, the authors show that TFEB regulates the progenitor/cholangiocyte lineage and that its depletion prevents tissue recovery upon injury.

A three-step synthetic method that involves silica coating, heat treatment and removal of the silica layer is reported for the preparation of hollow iron oxide nanocapsules. The magnetite nanocapsules made by this simple wrap-bake-peel process show potential as drug-delivery vehicles and MRI contrast agents.

Systemic treatment of pancreatic cancer with STING agonist stimulates regulatory B cells to express immunosuppressive cytokine IL-35, which weakens the anti-tumour function of natural killer cells.

Following interaction with antigen-presenting cells, T cell receptors (TCR) can be internalized via endocytosis. In contrast to this established mechanism, this study shows that T cell activation can be followed by TCR shedding, leading to enhanced TCR expression, metabolic activity and proliferation.