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A turnkey regime for soliton microcombs is demonstrated, in which solitons are generated by switching on a co-integrated pump laser, eliminating the need for photonic and electronic control circuitry.

As immune checkpoint therapy is more frequently used for cancer, side effects such as Stevens-Johson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are becoming more common. Here the authors use single cell transcriptomics to implicate TNF and CXCL10 in recruitment of CXCR3⁺ cytotoxic T cell in SJS/TEN skin lesions.

Immune lymphocyte estimation from nucleotide sequencing (ImmuneLENS) infers B cell and T cell fractions from whole-genome sequencing data. Applied to the 100,000 Genomes Project datasets, circulating T cell fraction provides sex-dependent and prognostic insights in patients.

Orbital hybridization in artificial atoms is achieved by altering their shape, and the anisotropy of the confining potential gives rise to the hybridization between quasibound states with different orbital quantum numbers within the artificial atom.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the randomized, double-blind phase 3 COMPASSION-15 trial, patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric/GEJ cancer treated with the anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 bispecific Ab cadonilimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly improved overall survival compared with patients treated with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment.

Black phosphorus is an atomically thin material that exhibits excellent properties for electronics applications, but these degrade in atmospheric conditions. Here, the authors demonstrate the fabrication of stable, ultra-clean and high-mobility black phosphorus sandwiched between the layers of boron nitride.

Printing text and images is a significant cause of paper and ink waste, leading to an increased focus on reusable alternatives. Here, the authors show that films of commercial dyes can be photoactivated with UV light and catalysts and, with an appropriate stabilizer, can be used as a rewritable display system.

Compatibility issues often limit chemoenzymatic systems. Now it is shown that the proximity between catalytic polymers grafted from the membrane of microorganisms and intracellular heterologous enzymes enhances the reaction rates of a photoenzymatic system, while the coating increases the stability.

Hydrogenating di-nitroaromatics with high activity and selectivity is challenging due to the process’s complexity. Here the authors present a fully exposed Pt clusters catalyst for 2,4-dinitrotoluene hydrogenation, suggesting that the synergy between multiple active sites and moderate adsorption behavior is crucial for the high catalytic activity.

This study presents a neuromorphic computing platform capable of learning cross-modal, event-driven signals for efficient real-time knowledge generalization. It also achieves zero-shot transfer learning for multimodal data.

Here the authors determine the cryoEM structure of Symbiodinium photosystem I, revealing a distinct architecture and pigment network of this light-harvesting supercomplex.

We show the evolution of a case of EGFR mutant lung cancer treated with a combination of erlotinib, osimertinib, radiotherapy and a personalized neopeptide vaccine targeting somatic mutations, including EGFR exon 19 deletion.

Liu, Hao, He, Tan et al. develop and validate a clinical prediction model for perioperative infarction complications after revascularization in moyamoya disease. They provide preoperative evaluation plan and perioperative management suggestions for different risk groups.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

The influenza virus neuraminidase has been well documented, yet the functions of mammalian neuraminidases remain less explored. Here, the authors show that neuraminidase 1 promotes renal fibrosis development by interacting with ALK5 to activate SMAD2/3.

roX (RNA on the X) are crucial for male development in Drosophila. Here, the authors propose a role for roX RNAs in regulating gene expression at specific autosomal loci, working in coordination with Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs).

Single-site pincer-ligated iridium complexes exhibit the ability for C-H activation but suffer from instability and difficulty in catalyst recycling. Here the authors design an atomically dispersed Ir catalyst which can be considered the bridge between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and displays an outstanding catalytic performance in n-butane dehydrogenation.

The control of magnetic properties by electric fields is key to realizing spintronics devices. The surface of the antiferromagnetic magnetoelectric Cr₂O₃ is now shown to exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism, whose direction can be switched by an electric field. This magnetization switches the exchange-bias field with magnetic multilayers grown on Cr₂O₃, promising a new route towards room-temperature spintronics devices.

The ability to reprocess thermoset polymers has been demonstrated in principle, but is not widely done due to deteriorated performance of the reprocessed materials. Here, we report a thiourea-based thermoset elastomer that can be reprocessed with enhanced mechanical properties.

The FarmGTEx Project aims to understand genetic control of gene activity under diverse biological and environmental contexts in domestic animals, providing a foundation for improving animal precision breeding, adaptation and human health.

The stem cells in the Arabidopsis root meristem are maintained by the expression of the transcription factor WOX5 in the stem cell organizer. This study reveals that WOX5 functions in a coherent feed-forward loop, regulating auxin signalling.

Bin Han and colleagues report the draft genome sequence of the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus, a major commercially farmed species of freshwater fish. Analyses of the grass carp genome identify lineage-specific duplications that may have contributed to the adaptation of this species to a vegetarian diet.

Single-atom catalysts have been studied for CO oxidation, but experimental in situ investigations are limited. Here, the authors use a suite of in situ/operando spectroscopy to identify key intermediates and define design principles to enhance the CO oxidation activity of atomically dispersed Rh on heteropoly acids.

Intermetallic alloys (IMAs) hold significant potential for catalysis. Here, the authors present a robust gas-migration method for synthesizing stable and uniform IMAs, which exhibit exceptional stability over 1300 h in propane dehydrogenation.

By using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, researchers observe layer-dependent electronic correlations in rhombohedral graphene multilayers at 77 K, revealing the layer-enhanced low-energy flat bands and interlayer interactions.

The synthesis of amides is a key technology for the preparation of fine and bulk chemicals in industry. Here, the authors present the reductive amidation of esters with nitro compounds under additivesfree conditions as a robust methodology for amide synthesis.

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loss of heterozygosity, allele-specific mutation and measurement of expression and repression (MHC Hammer) detects disruption to human leukocyte antigens due to mutations, loss of heterogeneity, altered gene expression or alternative splicing. Applied to lung and breast cancer datasets, the tool shows that these aberrations are common across cancer and can have clinical implications.

Indan and tetralin are used as fuel additives and intermediates in the manufacture of many products, including thermal-stable jet fuel. Here the authors report a route for the synthesis of methylindan and tetralin by the hydrogenolysis of xylose or hemicellulose over a non-noble metal catalyst, followed by further reaction over zeolite H-ZSM-5. Reviewer recognition:

An approach called wavefunction matching transforms particle interactions so that their wavefunctions match those of easily computable interactions, to allow for calculations of quantum many-body systems that would otherwise be difficult or impossible.

Evidence for a quantum magnetic analogue of a supersolid appears in a recently synthesized antiferromagnet showing a strong magnetocaloric effect of the spin supersolid phase with potential for applications in sub-kelvin refrigeration.

Identification of a broadly therapeutic antibody h1A6.2 against enteroviruses, which mimics the entry receptor SCARB2 and triggers monocyte/macrophage-dependent Fc effector functions in mice.

Nitrogen can form a maximum of three shared electron-pair bonds to complete its octet, suggesting the maximum bond order of nitrogen is three. Here, the authors report a joint photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical study, showing a quadruple bond between nitrogen and thorium in thorium nitride.

Discovering new active catalysts for water splitting is of high interest. Here the authors develop a generalizable transfer learning approach to accelerate the prediction of perovskite electrocatalysts, and report Pr_0.1Sr_0.9Co_0.5Fe_0.5O₃ and Pr_0.1Sr_0.9Co_0.5Fe_0.3Mn_0.2O₃ as active catalysts for water oxidation.

Swanton and colleagues present a clonal expression signature, ORACLE, which, in combination with clinicopathological and molecular risk factors, can predict survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and they prospectively validate its prognostic value.

Diatomic actinide molecules are ideal models for studying rare multiple-bond motifs. Here, the authors report host-guest structures of metastable charged U≡N diatoms confined in fullerene cages and stabilized by coordinative electron transfer.

van der Waals dielectric materials are required to promote the industrialization of miniaturized 2D electronics. Here, the authors report the growth of GdOCl single crystals with a dielectric constant of 15.3 and equivalent oxide thickness down to 1.3 nm, showing their application for the realization of high-performance 2D MoS₂ transistors.

A two-step sequential broadband nanofocusing technique offers an external efficiency of ~50% over nearly all the visible range on a fibre-coupled plasmonic nanowire probe. Its integration with a scanning tunnelling microscope realizes lens-free tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with 1 nm spatial resolution.

The preferential oxidation of CO (PROX) in hydrogen is a promising solution for hydrogen purification. Here the authors report a novel bimetallic Pt-Fe catalyst with ultralow metal loading which delivers excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in PROX, while maintains good stability for a long period.

The reasons for why hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unresponsive to anti-PD-1 inhibition in some patients is not fully understood. Here the authors use human samples and mice tumour models to implicate serum amyloid A and STAT3 signalling involvement in the resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy in HCC.

The gut microbiome plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis and predictive microbiome signatures have been proposed for colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Here the authors perform a meta-analysis of 16S rRNA-based profiles to identify microbial markers able to discriminate patients with adenoma from control and CRC, building a model that can be applied for the early detection of CRC.

An interfacial junction transistor based on a molybdenum disulfide/graphene heterostructure can generate tunable π-shaped and Gaussian-like membership functions, allowing membership function generators for fuzzy logic systems to be implemented with low device count and energy cost.

Phase singularities are intimately related to orbital angular momentum. Direct local imaging of orbital angular momentum effects at the nanoscale remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate via scanning tunnelling microscopy that inter-orbital angular momentum scatterings induced by asymmetric potentials can modulate the phase singularities and induce single-wavefront dislocations.

This study identified two dirigent proteins responsible for the biosynthesis of the two enantiomers of gossypol in cotton. Editing one of the dirigent proteins selectively removed the toxic (−)-gossypol in cotton seeds without affecting pest resistance.