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A luminescence cascade system achieves 500-fold higher intensity and 8-fold longer signal persistence than conventional bioluminescence assays, enabling reliable and effective use of bioluminescence for point-of-care diagnostics.

Analysis of data on six stable crops, capturing two-thirds of global crop calories, allows estimation of agricultural impacts and the potential of global producer adaptations to reduce output losses owing to climate change.

DNA from tumour cells can be detected in the blood of cancer patients. Here, the authors show that cell free DNA fragmentation patterns can identify lung cancer patients and when this information is further interrogated it can be used to predict lung cancer histological subtype.

Somatic mutations are identified from circulating cell-free DNA using a single-molecule-based lowpass whole-genome sequencing method. The regional distribution of mutations can identify a tumor-specific mutational profile in patients with cancer and can be used to monitor patients through treatment.

Hu et al. discovered that the truncated form of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), called p95HER2, drives tumor progression and resistance to the antibody–drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2⁺ breast cancer. Blocking p95HER2 restores antitumor immunity.

Currently, the biological and clinical implications of copy number alteration (CNA) size heterogeneity and co-occurrence are incompletely understood. Here, the authors use 691 meningiomas and 29 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas to develop size-dependent CNA and CNA co-occurrence models to optimize individualized pan-cancer risk stratification.

Literature produced inconsistent findings regarding the links between extreme weather events and climate policy support across regions, populations and events. This global study offers a holistic assessment of these relationships and highlights the role of subjective attribution.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The authors use laser imaging techniques to capture wind dynamics over the ocean. The fine-scale structure of the airflow within the first centimeters above waves reveals the coexistence of different wind-wave coupling mechanisms.

In the Tumor Profiler proof-of-concept observational study, a multiomics approach for profiling tumors from patients with melanoma was feasible, returning data within 4 weeks and informing treatment recommendations in 75% of cases.

Understanding and preparing for the impacts of climate change on tropical crops is key for global food security and sustainable development, especially in the Global South. This study maps banana production in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2019, and analyses the potential impact of climate change and other factors on banana producing regions.

Tissue-resident macrophages (TRM) are important mediators of local immunity. Here the authors show that the deficiency or inhibition of a kinase, WNK1, unlinks macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling and resulted macropinocytosis with the downstream, potentially IRF8-mediated genetic program to bias progenitor differentiation to neutrophil instead of TRM.

Exposure of mice to high fructose during gestation or early postnatal life causes decreased microglial phagocytosis during brain development and leads to anxiety-like behaviour in adolescence.

The 2016 peace agreement in Colombia led to agricultural expansion to the detriment of biodiversity. Using Colombia as a case study, this work shows how to maximize the biodiversity benefits from limited conservation funding while landowners maintain economic returns equivalent to those from agriculture.

Dense calcium imaging combined with co-registered high-resolution electron microscopy reconstruction of the brain of the same mouse provide a functional connectomics map of tens of thousands of neurons of a region of the primary cortex and higher visual areas.

Species’ traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. Here, the authors find that dominant tree species are taller and have softer wood compared to rare species and that these trait differences are more strongly associated with temperature than water availability.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

The receptor-like kinase NIK1 is phosphorylated in response to multiple biotic and abiotic signals, activating the NIK1/RPL10/LIMYB signaling circuit, which coordinately regulates translation and photosynthesis in response to environmental changes.

Stereotactic needle biopsies are currently performed for diagnosis only in glioblastoma; this study highlights the depth of information available through multi-omics analysis.

This Review explores in detail the complexity of NK cell biology in humans and highlights the role of these cells in cancer immunity.

ChronoStrain accurately profiles low-abundance strains in longitudinal samples by jointly modelling nucleotide sequencing errors, strain presence/absence and the temporal information associated with each sample using a differentiable Bayesian model.

Extracellular anisotropic stresses trigger fibroblast transition into myofibroblasts by the mechanical self-reinforcement of cell–extracellular matrix interactions.

Data from a variety of sources—including satellite, climate and soil data, as well as field-collected information on plant traits—are pooled and analysed to map the functional diversity of tropical forest canopies globally.

Many SARS-CoV-2 infections may go undetected through conventional PCR or lateral flow tests. Here, the authors analyse the utility of analysing longitudinal nucleocapsid antibody trajectories to improve identification of prior SARS-CoV-2 infections using surveillance data from the UK.

The mechanisms underlying the formation of the GPCR ligand-receptor-arrestin complex remain poorly characterized. Here, the authors elucidate some of the molecular events that facilitate the assembly of the ternary complex at the plasma membrane.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

The distribution of quantum computations is demonstrated between two photonically interconnected trapped-ion modules, using repeatable, deterministic teleported controlled-Z gates to perform Grover’s search algorithm.

The molecular mechanisms underlying drug resistance in relapsed or refractory (rr) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain to be explored. Here, the use of bulk and single cell multi-omics and ex vivo drug profiling for 21 rrAML patients reveals mechanisms of resistance to the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax and treatment vulnerabilities.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Quasicrystals lack translational symmetry but display rotational order. Whether antiferromagnetic order can exist in quasicrystals has been unclear. Now, long-range antiferromagnetic order is shown in the icosahedral quasicrystal Au₅₆In_28.5Eu_15.5.

Immune lymphocyte estimation from nucleotide sequencing (ImmuneLENS) infers B cell and T cell fractions from whole-genome sequencing data. Applied to the 100,000 Genomes Project datasets, circulating T cell fraction provides sex-dependent and prognostic insights in patients.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.