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A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

Here the authors report asperigimycins, fungal ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides with a heptacyclic scaffold. After chemically modifying them for nanomolar anticancer activity, CRISPR screening identifies SLC46A3 as a key transporter for their uptake in cells.

Antiferromagnets have a variety of attractive features for spintronic devices; they are inherently robust against external magnetic fields, and have fast, terahertz, dynamics. However, terahertz magnons are usually strongly damped. Here, Choe, Lujan and coauthors find that the zone boundary magnons in the AFM insulator CoTiO3 exhibit long lifetimes.

Addressing the stability challenges from metal electrodes/perovskite components chemical interactions is essential for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Here, authors design a bilayer polymer buffer to mitigate metal/ion interdiffusion, realizing a certified efficiency of 26.46%.

Here, Rangan et al. characterize S. cerevisiae intron structures with in vivo transcriptome-wide structure probing, showing that certain introns exhibit structural features that distinguish pre-mRNA from spliced mRNA and contain structures that regulate gene expression.

Here, the authors show that mechanical loading promotes subchondral bone osteocytes to secrete extracellular vesicles containing miR-23b-3p, which accelerates osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting mitophagy and disrupting cartilage metabolism.

A hybrid extracellular matrix–hydrogel with tunable mechanical stiffness and biochemical composition of young or aged cardiac tissue is used to identify the specific contributions of extracellular matrix ligands and mechanics for fibroblast aging.

Topological photonic structures enable robust light transport but face coupling challenges. The authors demonstrate transverse spin matching governs the coupling between the topological waveguide and waveguide, achieving 96.3% theoretical and 94.2% experimental transmission efficiencies.

CYSLTR2 and P2RY6 are identified as endogenous ceramide receptors, and inhibition of these ameliorates atherosclerosis, particularly in chronic-kidney-disease-associated cardiovascular disease.

Human NPCs show promise for stroke treatment, but challenges remain in neuron diversity and maturation time. Here, the authors describe the generation of FOXG1 progenitors from iPSCs that quickly mature into functional cortical neurons, enhancing stroke recovery in rats.

Active chlorine is the most widely used water disinfectant, but its production has environmental consequences. This work shows a photoelectrochemical synthetic route using only solar energy and seawater.

In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, the authors examine whether the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and exposure–response prevention (ERP) is more effective than ERP alone at improving OCD symptoms.

Loss of RNF20 is associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes. Here the authors show that Rnf20 haploinsufficiency leads to the formation of lung tumours due to defective DNA repair and HIF1α-mediated metabolic rewiring.

This study shows grey infrastructure (economy-linked) dominates flood control in normal rains. During extremes, its efficacy declines while green infrastructure/topography (less economy-aligned) become crucial for urban flood mitigation.

Cui et al. present CREATE, a platform for the identification of multi-class cell-type-specific CREs by integrating multi-omics data. CREATE interpretably extracts discrete CRE embeddings, quantitatively unveils CRE-specific features, and effectively enables large scale prediction of CREs.

The key challenge in liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) is preventing catalyst poisoning by CO in crude H₂. Here the authors present a Pd/α-MoC catalyst that enables efficient N-LOHC hydrogenation under crude H₂ (CO > 5 vol%) below 150 °C, achieving activity 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than conventional Pd-based catalysts.

Evaluating the off-target effect is crucial for ensuring the safety of CRISPR–Cas9-based technologies. Duan, Gao and Zhang et al. developed TOPO-seq, a method to capture and evaluate DNA topology-regulated off-target activity of Cas9-based genome-editing tools.

Intracellular bacterial infection triggers numerous innate immune responses. Here, Li et al. use intravital imaging to understand how L. monocytogenes invades the liver and avoids triggering neutrophil swarming.

Post-translational modifications on HIF-1α can regulate its stability and activity in tumoral processes. Here, the authors show that PADI4-mediated citrullination avoids HIF-1α degradation to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression and this can be prevented by a PADI4 antagonist

Insulinomas develop from pancreatic β-cells and secrete insulin, but the underlying genetic defects are largely unknown. In this study, Cao et al. identify recurrent T372R mutations in the transcription factor YY1, and validate this hotspot mutation in 30% of insulinomas.

The authors find the magnon spin transport in CrSP₄/Pt (Ta) can be effectively modulated through adjustments in temperature and applied magnetic field, particularly at the spin-flip field.

Spatial omics technologies reveal the organisation of cells in various biological systems. Here, authors propose SLAT, a graph-based algorithm for aligning heterogenous data across technologies, modalities and timepoints, enabling spatiotemporal reconstruction of complex developmental processes.

Focal cortical dysplasia type II causes epileptic seizures and is associated with various types of neuronal abnormalities. This study uses patient tissue transcriptomics and animal models to reveal that vascular malformations are a key part of the pathology by creating ischemic-hypoxic microenvironments.

Electrosynthesis of acetate from CO using renewable electricity faces low selectivity. Here, the authors report a cerium single atom modulated copper catalyst, where cerium atoms tailor the interfacial water structure, enabling highly selective CO-to-acetate conversion under pulsed electrolysis.

Protocell mimetics capable of orchestrated and adaptive functions are of interest. Here, the authors report on cytomimetic models of bone tissue calcification and decalcification, integrating enzyme-containing inorganic protocells into alginate hydrogels to produce a range of matrix-integrated prototissues.

How the brain maintains a stable world model while swiftly adapting to environmental changes remains unclear. Here, the authors propose that the cerebellum drives cortical dynamics, enabling rapid task acquisition, switching, and consolidation.

Attempts to extend the range of reversible intercalation stoichiometries in selenides are promising but challenging. Here, authors report a reversible controlled superstoichiometric intercalation in NbSe₂ with up to two copper-ions per molecule by triggering anionic redox.

Histone crotonylation has been shown to regulate transcription in multiple settings, but its role during preimplantation development has not been examined. Here they show that P300 regulated crotonylation during embryonic development and that H3K18cr marks active promoters in embryos, crucial for transcriptional activation and embryonic fate determination.

Aspirin is a potent lysine acetylation inducer, but its impact on lysine ubiquitination and ubiquitination-directed protein degradation is unclear. Here, the authors show that aspirin impairs proteasomal activity, affecting the degradation of soluble proteins, and induces K63-linked ubiquitination to promote the clearance of insoluble protein aggregates.

The mechanism of gut microbiome and blood metabolites regulate the TME in multiple myeloma (MM) remain unclear. Here the authors show Lachnospiraceae can suppress MM cell phosphatidylcholine (PC) production, with the latter inhibiting CD8 T cell function via TP53 UFMylation elicited by exosomal SerpinB9 from multiple myeloma.

Methods to stratify patients according to mortality risk are essential to allocate limited heath resources during the COVID-19 crisis. Here, using machine learning methods, the authors present a mortality risk prediction model for COVID-19 that uses patients’ clinical data on admission to stratify patients by mortality risk.

Liu and colleagues examine how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants evade CD8⁺ T cell epitope recognition.

Late-stage acute liver failure (ALF) has limited therapies. The authors show that the bioactive compound SCM-198 extends the ALF treatment window from 3 to 24 hours in mice by selectively targeting the identified AdipoR2-CaM-CaMKII-NOS3-NO axis.

Large extrachromosomal DNAs are engineered using a CRISPR- and Cre–loxP-based approach and shown to drive cancer in mouse models, with potential applications in determining the role of oncogene amplifications in human cancers.

Quantum dots with a fine size dispersion offer attractive levels of functional control and manipulation. In this study, Yang et al. report an environmentally friendly top–down synthesis technique, based on laser irradiation of a polydisperse of lead sulphide nanocrystals.

No method exists for real-time evaluation of the status of spinal implants. Here, the authors developed a bio-adhesive metal detector array (BioMDA) that provides a wearable, non-invasive solution for positional analyses of osseous implants within the spine.

Traditional cultured meat scaffolds employ animal-derived biomaterials or intricate manufacturing, but plant-based scaffolds offer an appealing alternative. Here the authors present a simple shortcut method to transform common vegetables into edible bioscaffolds via autoclaving, which mimics meat stiffness and microstructure.

Here, the authors show that HNC-1664, an adenosine analog with modifications both in ribose and base, has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against positive-strand coronaviruses and negative-strand arenaviruses in vitro and in vivo.