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Legionella effector LnaB, a recently identified actin-activated AMPylase, mediates phosphoryl-AMPylation in a yet-unknown manner. Here the authors unveil a two-step catalytic process involving dual ATPase–AMPylase activity based on structural studies, providing a biochemical basis for AMPylation.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Electrostatic effects of separators under internal electric field is crucial for Li metal batteries. Here, authors develop a high dielectric constant fiber separator that shows substantial polarization under electric field to facilitate a robust and low-resistance solid-electrolyte interphase.

Single-cell RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing of gallbladder adenocarcinomas from 75 patients stratifies the disease into groups with distinct clinical outcomes.

A sort-in-memory system that relies on digit reads on one-transistor–one-resistor memristor arrays can offer improved throughput, energy efficiency and area efficiency compared with conventional sorting systems.

In this work, authors study a molecular signature in STING protein that is critical for distinguishing activation from inhibition and demonstrates therapeutic potential in correcting STING-related mutations in autoimmune conditions like STING-Associated Vasculopathy with onset in Infancy (SAVI).

Electrolyte interactions critically govern battery performance yet lack precise design principles. The authors introduce interaction motif descriptors to design an electrolyte enabling 99.7% Li-metal Coulombic efficiency for 4.5 V batteries.

Controlling Li nucleation and growth is crucial to avoid dendrite formation. Here, Li₂S(111)@Cu is used as Li metal electrode substrate, where a substrate-dependent Li nucleation process and a facet-dependent growth mode are identified, enabling dense Li deposition and improved battery performance.

The inactivation of electrodes triggers the loss of capacity and decreases the lifetimes of batteries, especially for high-capacity systems. Here the rejuvenation chemistry for re-activating electrodes, aimed at prolonging the lifetimes of lithium-based batteries and similar energy-storage systems, is discussed. Li, lithium; Cu, copper; e^–, electrons; RM_red, reduced redox mediator; RM_ox, oxidized redox mediator.

Adding excess m-Li₂ZrF₆ (monoclinic) nanoparticles to a commercial LiPF₆-containing carbonate electrolyte forms a stable interphase rich in t-Li₂ZrF₆ (trigonal), enhancing Li-ion transfer, suppressing dendrite growth and considerably improving the cycling stability of high-rate lithium metal batteries.

The heterogeneity of HSPCs in response to IR stress remains poorly characterized. Here, the authors provide insights into the molecular intricacies of IR-induced BM injury and reveal the roles of BMP4-BMPR2 signaling in radiation resistance of HSCs.

Formation of dendrites in solid-state lithium batteries hampers their application. Here, authors deposit a thin film of potassium fluoride on a garnet solid electrolyte that in-situ transforms to a mixed fluoride layer, which blocks electron leakage and inhibits lithium dendrite growth.

Doping of Nb₂O₅ materials without phase changes has been proven difficult, with successful doping depending on different factors such as ionic radius similarity. In this work, the authors introduce a high-entropy-doping approach to Nb₂O₅ without phase change with rapid-charging capabilities as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries.

A rare variation in the promoter of qRBG1/OsBZR5 is associated with larger rice grains. OsBZR5 is found to negatively regulate grain size in rice, a biological role opposite to other OsBZR members. A regulatory module of OsGSK2–qRBG1–OsBZR1–D2–OFP1 is further revealed.

R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

Silicon electrodes in lithium-ion batteries are severely limited by the stress that arises from large volume changes during cycling. Here, authors exploit the inherent volume change dynamics of silicon and sulfur electrodes and design a stress-neutralized solid-state battery.

Dong et al. achieve Sb₂(S,Se)₃ solar cells with 10.7% efficiency by increasing charge generation with a textured electrode and reducing charge recombination and transport loss with a conformal electron-selective layer.

White-light emission from materials and devices usually occurs omni-directional through space. Here, the authors show that sintering carbon dots with TiO₂ forms a microlens-shape surface that enables directional emission with 1/60 solid angle.

The authors report an ultra-broadband ptychography method, suitable for dispersive samples, by exploiting structured illumination and a novel joint deconvolution algorithm.

Metabolic processes lead to the production of bioactive gases, such as nitric oxide, which may play roles in the gut immune homeostasis. Here authors show that genomic deletion of Nos2 in mice aggravates colitis in experimental models via an Aryl-Hydrocarbon-Receptor-mediated pathway in type 3 innate lymphoid cells.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

The authors make local heterogeneous dipolar structures in PbHfO3-based antiferroelectric ceramics, which exhibit a recoverable energy density of 20.04 J cm⁻³ accompany with an efficiency of 90.5%.

Using operando electrochemical processes, we found a way to restore oxygen-redox active materials exhibiting structural and voltage decay to their pristine state, providing a framework for the design of functional materials with zero thermal expansion.

Predicting the structure of lithium halide solid-state electrolytes from their composition alone is a challenge. Here, the authors introduce the “cationic polarization factor” that captures the key interactions of halide-based solid-state electrolytes and predicts the stacking structures.

Tao et al. study the role of TRMT6 in colorectal cancer, where it is upregulated and show that TRMT6 supports histone biosynthesis by stabilizing tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1. Targeting TRMT6 reduced histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner.

Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) contribute to therapeutic resistance via enhanced capability of DNA damage repair. Here the authors identify that the upregulated transcription factor AATF in GSCs modulates the stability and release of XRCC4 protein to promote DNA repair and resistance to radiotherapy.

Enhancing the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes is critically important for developing high-performance batteries. Here, authors show the positive effect of structural disorder on the lithium-ion diffusion dynamics and reveal the ion conduction mechanism in complex disordered structures.

Microglia play a critical role in Alzheimer’s disease progression. Here, the authors show that knockout of microglial Cx43 or inhibition of Cx43 hemichannels by nanoparticle-delivered peptide mitigates cognitive deficits and neuropathology in APP/PS1 mice by inducing microglia into a neuroprotective state.

O3-type sodium anion-redox cathodes show promise but are hard to synthesize due to unclear mechanisms. Here, authors elucidate the role of oxygen conditions, enabling O3-Na[Li_1/3Mn_2/3]O₂ synthesis and developing Ti-substituted with capacities >190 mAh·g^-1.

X-ray synchrotron measurements reveal heterogeneities at electrode|electrolyte interfaces of lithium metal batteries operating at high potentials. Here the authors demonstrate the rearrangement of ionically conductive phases in polymer electrolytes that lead to battery performance degradation.

Weakly space-confined, large-grained crystals of all-inorganic perovskite were used to fabricate light-emitting diodes with a high external quantum efficiency and operational stability.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) usually metastasizes to the lungs. Here, the authors discover that SWI/SNF ATPase subunit SMARCA4 silencing of HLF regulates ccRCC lung metastasis by modulating the integration of collagen's mechanical cues with the actin cytoskeleton through leupaxin.

Two types of amyloid-β protein (1–42) (Aβ₄₂) fibrils are known to form in the insoluble fraction of diseased human brains. Now, another type of Aβ₄₂ fibril (type III) has been identified in the soluble fraction of Alzheimer’s disease brain using cryo-electron microscopy. These studies also reveal differences in ligand–fibril interactions between fibril types.

Lithium air batteries have among the highest energy storage capacities, but their effective lifetime is short when using liquid electrolytes. Zhang et al. realize a lithium air battery with much improved cycling stability in ambient air by combining a solid electrolyte and a gel cathode.

Long mesocotyl is a critical trait for the application of rice deep direct seeding or mechanized dry seeding cultivation method. Here, Sun et al. find OsGSK2 is selected for mesocotyl length variation during domestication and it coordinates strigolactone and brassinosteroid signaling to determine mesocotyl elongation.

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

A LaCl₃-based lithium superionic conductor is developed that has excellent interfacial compatibility with lithium metal electrodes, with its optimized Li_0.388Ta_0.238La_0.475Cl₃ electrolyte exhibiting good Li⁺ conductivity and low activation energy.

The phenol industry faces a pressing sustainability challenge from the production of acetone as a by-product at a level far beyond its market. Here the authors develop an electro-biosystem that can efficiently convert such surplus acetone into valuable long-chain commodity chemicals.

Cobalt-free Mn-based lithium metal batteries suffer from serious Mn dissolution and lithium dendrite problems. Here, authors propose ferrocene hexafluorophosphate as an electrolyte additive to achieve dynamic doping of positive electrode and interphase stabilization of electrodes.

Metal oxides can suppress detrimental polysulfide shuttling in lithium-sulfur batteries, however selection criteria for oxide materials are still lacking. Here, the authors investigate polysulfide adsorption and diffusion on metal oxides and propose selection criteria based on balancing these two effects.

Conventional Li-ion battery electrolytes often show sluggish kinetics and severe degradation due to high Li⁺ desolvation energies and poor compatibility. Now, a molecular-docking strategy between solvents and inducers has been shown to enable dynamic Li⁺ coordination that promotes fast, stable and high-voltage lithium battery chemistries.

The decades-old limit on how long human embryos can be grown in culture is under debate. A new road map outlines how to extend the length of culture responsibly.

Cation solvation in batteries is well understood in bulk solutions but less so at electrode/electrolyte interfaces. This study reveals how external and intramolecular fields affect Li-ion solvation, proposing a dielectric protocol to enhance cation–anion coordination and improve performance in Li-metal pouch cells.

The lack of microenvironment understanding results in unsatisfactory conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes. Here, authors report a data-driven exploration of weak coordination manipulation by plasticizer design for safe and energy-dense batteries.

Inspired by the role of proteins in regulating eggshell mineralization, here Tao, Liu and colleagues apply trifluoroethanol modified eggshell membrane to combat lithium dendrite. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals that the growth along the most favored crystallographic direction is suppressed.

The main challenges in lithium-oxygen batteries are the low round-trip efficiency and decaying cycle life. Here, the authors present that a trace amount of water in electrolytes facilitates oxygen cathode reactions, enabling the batteries to be operated with small overpotential and good cycling stability.

Although Cas12f proteins benefit from compact size for delivery, their gene-editing activity remains limited. By adding an N-terminal α-helix to Cas12f, we created hpCasMINI, hpOsCas12f1, and hpAsCas12f1 variants that show improved gene activation and DNA cleavage in mammalian cells and mice.

In large prospectively enrolled validation cohorts of patients with cancer and controls and a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals with average risk for cancer, a multicancer early detection test based on plasma cell-free DNA genomics and fragmentomics showed encouraging accuracy in identifying ongoing disease as well as the tissue of origin.

Solid-state lithium batteries typically utilize heterogeneous composite cathodes with conductive additives, which limit energy density and cycle life. Here the authors present a cathode material that exhibits efficient mixed conduction and near-zero volume change during cycling, thereby improving battery performance.

Understanding the dynamic evolution of heterogeneous catalysts is crucial yet challenging. This work uncovers the transformation of amorphous PtIn clusters into ultrafine Pt₃In intermetallics, driven by propylene during propane dehydrogenation, highlighting the pivotal role of product-induced changes in revealing the true active sites.