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Chang’E-5 and Chang’E-6 lunar soils show higher δ30Si than lunar basalts, with CE-6 having the highest value, suggesting space weathering produced by micrometeorite impacts alters Si isotopes of lunar soils, with stronger effects on the farside.

Piezoelectric materials for bone repair usually require scaffold filling and external stimulation. Here, the authors present a self-reinforced chip that can spontaneously generate piezoelectric effect under physiological vibrations to achieve scaffold-free repair of critical-sized bone defects

Claudin proteins maintain epithelial and endothelial tight junctions, but their functions in adipocytes lacking such junctions remain unclear. Here, the authors show that claudin-5 present in non-thermogenic adipocytes regulates thermogenesis and energy expenditure by modulating IL-10 secretion.

Zhang et al. show that YAP binds to TDP-43 to promote TDP-43 multimerization and phase separation. YAP and TDP-43 may co-localize in multiple cell types in oxidative stress and in brain samples from individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Si-based all-solid-state batteries face application challenges due to the requirement of high external pressure. Here, authors prepare a double-layered Si-based electrode by cold-pressing and electrochemical sintering that enables all-solid-state batteries operating free from external pressure.

Integrated optical frequency combs are powerful tools for optical spectroscopy. Here, authors demonstrate low-power, detectable-rate soliton microcombs from telecom to visible bands, including wavelength-multiplexed operation, using ultra-low-loss silicon nitride waveguides.

Tao et al. study the role of TRMT6 in colorectal cancer, where it is upregulated and show that TRMT6 supports histone biosynthesis by stabilizing tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1. Targeting TRMT6 reduced histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner.

Nonlinear optical phonons often exhibit rapid decay. Here, the authors demonstrate long-lived nonlinear optical phonons through the spontaneous formation of phonon frequency combs in CrXTe₃ (X=Ge,Si).

Mitophagy is crucial for mitochondrial function and is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. Here, the authors introduce an AI-assisted fluorescence microscopy system to track mitophagic intermediates in live cells and identify Y040-7904, a potential modulator that enhances mitophagy and reduces amyloid-β pathologies.

Understanding and controlling the quantum friction remain challenging. Here, the authors reveal pseudo-Landau levels splitting induced quantum friction at solid-solid interfaces via engineering the nanocurvature geometry of folded graphene edges.

A three-dimensional metal stamp can be used to selectively exfoliate two-dimensional materials, allowing the remaining material to be patterned into two-dimensional arrays without leaving chemical or polymer residues.

Pei et al. overcome desorption of passivating molecules under photothermal stress in wide-bandgap perovskites and achieve perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem solar cells with a certified efficiency of 27.35%.

The authors propose a design that equips a programmable metasurface with integrated capability for sensing and manipulating electromagnetic waves, allowing it to leverage the environmental information to enhance wireless system performance in complex environments.

Efficient and durable photoelectrodes are essential for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here, the authors report a gallium nitride nanowire-on-silicon wafer photoelectrode with gold nanoparticles as a cocatalyst, achieving a 10% photon-to-current efficiency and stability over 800 h.

DNA Damage Regulated Autophagy Modulator 1 (DRAM1) plays pivotal roles in autophagy regulation. Here, the authors show that DRAM1 stabilizes lysosomal VAMP8, thereby promoting autolysosome maturation. Furthermore, they establish that DRAM1–VAMP8 axis enhances autophagic flux and facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma extravasation, as validated in both zebrafish xenograft and mouse metastatic models.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

The unexpected crystalline silicon epitaxial growth and interfacial nanotwins formation remain a challenging issue for silicon heterojunction technology. Here, the authors design a hybrid interface by tuning pyramid apex-angle to improve c-Si/a-Si:H interfacial morphology in silicon solar cells.

The authors present TropiCycloneNet, a framework that combines a multimodal tropical cyclone dataset spanning 70 years and a machine learning forecast model. The approach improves forecast skill of tropical cyclone track and intensity compared to other methods, advancing data-driven weather prediction.

Charge-to-spin conversion is critical element for spintronic devices. In most materials, there are several sources of charge-to-spin conversion, which are often challenging to disentangle. Here, Chen et al succeed in disentangling spin Hall and Rashba-Edelstein contributions to charge-to-spin conversion in ultrathin MoTe2 using position dependent measurements of the current-induced spin accumulation.

The authors report a study increasing hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis kinetics over a Ni(OH)₂/CNT material. They show that the catalyst enhances H₂O dissociation and proton transfer in neutral media.

Chen et al. use UK Biobank data to reveal a dietary pattern associated with a lower risk of dementia, and validate this in additional cohorts.

BPAN is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by WDR45 mutations. Here, the authors discover that WDR45 can competitively displace G3BP1 from Caprin-1 to promote stress granule disassembly, a function that is disrupted by BPAN-associated WDR45 mutations.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Structural vacancies in crystalline solids have potential in tuning optoelectronic properties. However, the random distribution of vacancies a problem when creating materials with completely reproducible functions. Here authors use vacancy engineering to improve electronic communication between cluster units in 3D orientationally ordered MOF crystals.

Inspired by the rich ion dynamics and interplay in biological channels, the authors report cooperative and inhibitory ion transport in angstrom-scale acetate functionalized MoS₂ two-dimensional channels.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to heart damage after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Here, the authors show that S100A12 promotes NETs formation and worsens injury, whereas blocking its interaction with ANXA5 reduces damage, suggesting a new therapeutic target for AMI.

Authors develop a siRNA delivery system, named Ionizable Polymeric Micelles (IPMs) which employs a FAPi modification, enabling IPMs to target activated hepatic stellate cells, silencing target genes and treating liver fibrosis.

Si anodes could be an alternative to Li anodes in the application of solid-state batteries, but they suffer from issues such as severe volume expansion and sluggish kinetics. Here the researchers develop a Li–Si alloy anode that is stabilized by hard carbon, which leads to exceptional high-performance solid-state batteries.

Ethanol production from CO2 electroreduction is hindered by poor carbon–carbon coupling and competing ethylene formation. Here, the authors develop a ZnO1-x-shield copper catalyst that stabilizes Cu+ species and enables efficient and selective electrochemical ethanol synthesis.

A-kinase anchoring protein 1 (AKAP1) promotes the assembly of signalosomes on the mitochondrial outer membrane and act as a central hub for mitochondrial signalling. Here, the authors show that AKAP1 protects against MASLD progression by inhibiting mitochondrial GPAT1 activity and subsequent lysophosphatidic acid production.

A versatile nano-adaptor is used to construct multi-specific nano-antibodies for treatment of tumours in mice.

This article addresses the challenge of training AI models in personalized Internet of Things systems while ensuring data security and privacy. Authors combine federated and meta-learning to improve model training performance, adaptation speed, cost-efficiency, and security against attacks.

Silicon heterojunction solar cells are expected to increase their market share in the near future. Qu et al. identify an embedded nanotwin structure at the crystalline silicon/hydrogenated amorphous silicon interface of silicon heterojunction cells that limits the device performance and devise an approach to suppress its formation.

Stable inorganic solid-state electrolytes are crucial for reliable all-solid-state battery development. Here, the authors report a Li-In|Li_6.8Si_0.8As_0.2S₅I|Ti₂S lab-scale cell with a long cycle life of almost 62500 cycles at 2.44 mA cm⁻², 30 °C and 30 MPa.

Flexible low temperature adhesives are highly desired, though preserving these properties at low temperatures is challenging. Here the authors show a cobweb-inspired flexible adhesive, resistant to low temperatures, and can be fabricated without solvent on the kilogram scale.

This study integrates a nitrite-adsorbing ionophore into a copper/carbon nanotube electrified membrane, enabling ultrafast and highly selective ammonia production from low-concentration nitrate in real water sources. This cooperative adsorption approach tunes the local catalyst environment to achieve high activity, selectivity and stability without using precious metals or complex synthesis methods.

Breakdown of self-incompatibility in plants is often attributed to S-locus mutations. Here, by crossing between populations of Arabidopsis lyrate that differ in their breeding system, the authors propose that a modifier unlinked to the S-locus causes self-compatibility by disrupting S-locus function.

Fe₃₄Co₂₉Ni₂₉Al₃Ta₃Si₂ high entropy alloy fibers with low coercivity and large plasticity are prepared. The fibers have a tensile strength of 674 MPa at 23% elongation, a coercivity of 8.1 Oe and a high Curie temperature of 770 K.

High-order harmonic generation in solids could develop into a compact, coherent, short-wavelength source. This study shows that two-colour noncollinear wave mixing in silica significantly enhances HHG efficiency over single-color methods, offering a novel pathway for advancing all-solid XUV sources.

A zeolite-confined Cu single-atom cluster was developed for the electrochemical CO reduction application, which can achieve stable CO-to-acetate conversion at an industrial current density of 1 A cm⁻² at 2.7 V with a high acetate Faraday efficiency for over 1,000 h at atmospheric pressure.

The authors observe out-of-plane ferroelectric polarization induced by interlayer sliding in a multiferroic van der Waals semiconductor. The switching voltage scales down to 0.3 V at room temperature, which promises low-power device applications.

Nanostructured black silicon can be used as a photoelectrode for solar-driven water splitting, but its high surface area can increase charge recombination and accelerate corrosion. Here the authors show that a thin, conformal film of TiO₂ can increase both the photocurrent and the stability of black silicon.

Long-term observations show that a rising fraction of ammonium nitrate in PM_2.5 reduces aerosol acidity, suppressing the heterogeneous conversion from NO₂ to HONO. This weakens its contribution to the HONO source and atmospheric oxidation capacity.