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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) is a neurotransmitter receptor receiving signals from the central nervous system. Here authors show a non-neuronal, tumour-autonomous role for mGluR4 in suppressing dendritic cell maturation and function in multiple murine cancers, and that inhibiting mGluR4 chemically by Forskolin or via genomic deletion enhances the immune response against tumours.

Pei et al. overcome desorption of passivating molecules under photothermal stress in wide-bandgap perovskites and achieve perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem solar cells with a certified efficiency of 27.35%.

R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

Entanglement entropy is a crucial quantity in several research fields, yet its calculation in higher-dimensional systems remains challenging. Here the authors develop a quantum Monte Carlo-based algorithm to efficiently extract large-scale entanglement entropy data and apply it to quantum critical systems.

Immunotherapy holds great potential, although strategies for durable responses against solid tumors are still needed. Here, the authors combine oncolytic virus (OV) engineering and reprogramming of the IL-18 pathway, showing that armed OVs expressing a decoy-resistant IL-18 elicit anti-tumor immunity and long-term immunological memory against multiple refractory tumors in mice.

Inactivating PPP2R1A mutations correlate with better survival after immune checkpoint blockade in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma, suggesting that targeting the phosphatase 2A (PP2A) pathway may represent an effective startegy for improving responses to immunotherapy.

Structural vacancies in crystalline solids have potential in tuning optoelectronic properties. However, the random distribution of vacancies a problem when creating materials with completely reproducible functions. Here authors use vacancy engineering to improve electronic communication between cluster units in 3D orientationally ordered MOF crystals.

This study reveals that α-lipoic acid (ALA) is reduced in aged mouse and human intestine and ALA supplementation reduces aging hallmarks. Paneth cells play a role in the effects of ALA.

COPD patients are more likely to also have diabetes. Here the authors show that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with reduced all-cause mortality, hospitalization, acute exacerbations, and pneumonia in patients with COPD and diabetes.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Chen et al. use UK Biobank data to reveal a dietary pattern associated with a lower risk of dementia, and validate this in additional cohorts.

In this work the authors develop PACES (protein-assembly complex for elimination system) which uses cell-selective nanofibers with bioorthogonal decoration of an E3 recruiter to trap and degrade proteins. This strategy complements PROTACs and PPI-based approaches, expanding the degradable proteome.

While existing methods for analysing spatial transcriptomics data primarily focus on identifying gene patterns within a single tissue slice, few address identifying genes with differential spatial expression patterns (DSEPs) across multiple conditions. Here the authors introduce DSEP gene prioritization as a new analytical task and present River, an interpretable deep learning framework that identifies genes exhibiting condition-relevant spatial changes.

Xiang et al. use patient samples and mouse models of osteoarthritis to examine the link with muscle atrophy. They identify that, in osteoarthritis, senescent macrophages promote ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells, and they show the therapeutic value of targeting this pathological mechanism.

Wu et al. demonstrate that REM transcription factors and GDE1 guide RNA polymerase IV to specific genomic loci, establishing a DNA sequence-dependent mechanism for siRNA biogenesis and DNA methylation patterning.

MorphLink is a computational framework that links tissue morphology changes to molecular alterations using spatial omics data, providing intuitive visualisations of cellular behaviours from both structural and molecular perspectives.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Fan et al. show that cTAGE5 is essential for adipogenesis and adipose tissue development. Mechanistically, cTAGE5 promotes pro-insulin receptor processing, which mediates actin cytoskeleton remodeling and lipolysis during the adipocyte differentiation.

A general two-step intercalation and cation-exchange strategy is used to produce a library of highly ordered magnetic intercalation superlattices with tunable chemical modulations and magnetic ordering.

The precise synthesis of functional polyarylamines based on a reactivity-regulated sequent cross-coupling carbon–nitrogen polycondensation method has been reported, with excellent batch-to-batch uniformity for perovskite solar cells.

China contributed about half of the global carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) emissions during 2011–2021, according to long-term atmospheric observations from China.

Tao et al. study the role of TRMT6 in colorectal cancer, where it is upregulated and show that TRMT6 supports histone biosynthesis by stabilizing tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1. Targeting TRMT6 reduced histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner.

The brainstem’s internal architecture and response to TBI are underestimated. Here, authors show distinct neuronal subtypes in the brainstem and reveal that disconnection of oligodendrocytes near the IV ventricle and altered locus coeruleus connectivity occur after TBI.

First-instar orchid mantis nymphs avoid predators by mimicking black-red assassin bugs, whereas those in later instars avoid predators and attract prey by camouflaging themselves as lighter-coloured flowers. Here the authors use developmental transcriptomics, evolutionary genomics and predation experiments to reveal that this ontogenetic colour change is regulated by a pigment transporter called Redboy that emerged in Polyneoptera 284–197 million years ago.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

A nanobody was identified that targets the N-terminal fragment of the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor ADGRG2, allosterically enhances activation by the natural agonist dehydroepiandrosterone and restores signaling in mutant receptors.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

Hu and colleagues present a machine learning-powered NIR-II fluorescent nanosensor that enables real-time, non-invasive monitoring of plant stress by visualising internal signalling, thereby allowing for the identification of different types of stress.

Patients with gastric cancer often present with poor performance status, limiting both quality of life but also treatment options as they are often excluded from clinical trials. Here, the authors report a phase II trial investigating anlotinib (multi-TKI) plus toripalimab (anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody) in treatment-naïve advanced gastric cancer patients with performance status 2.

Atrial fibrillation is a prevalent and serious arrhythmia associated with increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here the authors show a contactless, operation-free, and device-free AF detection framework utilizing artificial intelligence-powered radio technology, achieving performance comparable to conventional ECG-based methods.

In a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial, stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4R alpha, significantly improved daily nasal and ocular symptom scores during the pollen phase in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.

A novel covalent inhibitor, ISM3312, targets the main protease of multiple human coronaviruses, including drug-resistant strains, and shows broad antiviral activity. It offers a promising therapeutic strategy against current and future coronavirus threats.

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) has been identified to play a role in tumour progression but its involvement in anti-tumour immunity of esophagael squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here the authors report that the inhibition of STING-mediated anti-tumour immunity by HMGA1 results in promotion of ESCC tumorigenesis.