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Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Here, the authors determine that human neutrophil α-defensin HNP1 can promote A. baumannii biofilm formation.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

URAT1 is the target for gout drugs that block urate reuptake in the kidneys, however current treatments have limitations. Here, authors show how urate-lowering drugs inhibit URAT1, facilitating antigout drug development.

Huang, Chung et al. develop the MiniMaP platform, a miniature mass spectrometer coupled with paper spray ionization, enabling rapid breast cancer diagnosis from core needle biopsy samples. The machine learning model trained on molecular profiles maintains consistent accuracy in multi centre validation.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

Cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) regulate cell fate and are involved in several physiological and pathological processes. Here, using mouse models of allergic rhinitis (AR), the authors reveal the formation of SGs within macrophages of the nasal mucosa and implicate SGs in the regulation of Lrp1-mediated efferocytosis and Type 2 cytokine production, aggravating AR symptoms.

Li et al. report free-standing layered polymer–perovskite composite membranes that reconcile mechanical flexibility with electronic properties. They endure 30,000 bends at a 1.5 mm radius, enabling wearable radiation monitoring in complex conditions.

The exact role of the degenerate nucleotide-binding site in a heterodimeric ABC transporter is unclear. Here, authors identify a mycobacterial isoniazid efflux pump, capture its asymmetric intermediate states and reveal mechanism of this transporter mediated by the degenerate site.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Wzc is the master regulator of the biosynthesis and export of bacterial capsular polysaccharides and exopolysaccharides. Here, the authors report cryoEM structures of intermediate states and provide insights into phosphorylation and transmembrane signalling.

Using a tuning fork-based probe, the authors offer evidence of 2D magnetic moment along the c-axis of CsV₃Sb₅. Their findings suggest that loop currents within the kagome lattice can generate orbital magnetism.

This protocol describes the optimization of RNA preparation conditions for cryo-EM structure determination, along with cryo-EM processing pipelines to resolve RNA dynamics and conformational changes, and workflows to generate moderate- to high-resolution cryo-EM density maps.

Some thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzymes are powerful biocatalysts, forming carbon–carbon bonds between two α-keto acids, but their catalytic properties have been poorly understood. Now the substrate selectivity and catalytic stereoselectivity of two representative enzymes, CsmA and BbmA, have been fully characterized. Enzymatic total synthesis using these enzymes generates diverse carboligation products.

Liquid handling and pipetting tools can automate repetitive tasks but are far from universally used. Here the authors report the Pipetting Helper Imaging Lid (PHIL), an open-source liquid handling robot designed for inexperienced users, that they use for automated pipetting.

Prussian blue analogues are promising for aqueous batteries but interstitial water effects remain underexplored. Here, authors develop a cation-self-shielding strategy with dihydroxyacetone to stabilize water-rich Prussian blue analogues for application in K-ion batteries.

A lightweight, flexible technology that displays vibro-tactile patterns across large areas of the skin in single units or through a wirelessly coordinated collection of them can be used to convey map directions for road navigation, translate musical tracks into tactile patterns and reconstruct tactile sensations for feedback control of robotic prosthetics.

SeReNet is an accurate, generalizable, and efficient physics-driven self-supervised reconstruction network for light-field microscopy that enables day-long high-speed 3D intravital imaging of processes including immune responses and neural activity.

The role of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (MIRI) largely remains unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Myocardial Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) protein promotes MIRI suggesting MAVS protein as potential therapeutic target.

Oligomers are among the various chemical contaminants that can derive from the breakdown of microplastics and that are challenging to detect. A purposely designed platform allows detection of a large number of oligomers, providing an important step towards their risk assessment.

A small-molecule agonist of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4 persistently activates the ion channel and induces necrosis characterized by sodium overload.

The apelin receptor (APJR) is a drug target for cardiovascular and metabolic health. Here, authors reveal how ligand binding, receptor dimerization, and G protein coupling cooperate to regulate APJR signaling pathway, providing insight for drug discovery.

The authors reveal the structure and gating mechanisms of BRTNaC1, a myriapod ion channel sensitive to heat and acidity. They show that a proton triggers a ‘twist the wrist’ motion, heat induces broad structural changes and testosterone inhibits channel activation.

Wei, Bai, Wang, and colleagues present HypnoS, a genetically-encoded fluorescent sensor for the real-time monitoring of intracellular adenosine (iAdo) in a cell type-specific manner. They monitor iAdo dynamics during seizures or sleep-wake cycles with high spatiotemporal resolution in the brain of living animals.

Preeclampsia poses significant risks in pregnancy, and accurately predicting delivery timing is crucial for optimal care. Here, the authors show that deep-learning models, using limited electronic health record features, can effectively predict the time from preeclampsia diagnosis to delivery, potentially offering a tool for better resource allocation.

Target-oriented syntheses of natural products usually require the design of individualized routes that are tailor-made for the specific targets. Now, a strategy that runs counter to this conventional wisdom has been achieved. Exploiting a biocatalytically installed alcohol, several abiotic skeletal rearrangements have been designed to prepare three structurally disparate terpenoid natural products.

This study characterized the substrate binding and transport mechanisms of the plant purine/cytokinin transporter AZG2. Conformational dynamics were examined by determining AZG2 structures in the apo or substrate-bound states under different pH.

Cardiovascular diseases require precise and continuous monitoring, but current PPG technology is limited to single-point sensing. Here, the authors present a display with organic photodiodes that enables multi-point PPG, high-resolution imaging, and user-interactive sensing.

An ultrasound-responsive short antimicrobial peptide incorporating diphenylalanine sequences exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and negligible toxicity.

The authors demonstrate that the response of the flexural vibrations of twisted bilayer graphene can be hysteretic depending on the angle between the lattices of the layers, finding that the quality factors of the vibrations are enhanced compared to untwisted bilayers.

Viral diversity and abundance in bats are incompletely understood. Here, analyzing individual bat viromes, the authors observe a high frequency of co-infection and spillover among the animals and identify viruses with the potential to infect humans or livestock.

Computational loop reconstruction guided design of highly efficient PET hydrolases sheds light on the industrial recycling of PET plastics.

Thermodynamics typically favour the formation of crystals with flat facets. Here, the authors report an approach for the synthesis of curved boundaries in titania single crystals, composed of high index microfacets.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) establishes chronic infection in human, but the underlying mechanistic insights are lacking. Here the authors use single cell RNA and TCR sequencing to profile peripheral blood and mucosal cells from infected patients to report alterations in macrophage differentiation and T cell gene signature that may contribute to persisting H. pylori infection.

Dense calcium imaging combined with co-registered high-resolution electron microscopy reconstruction of the brain of the same mouse provide a functional connectomics map of tens of thousands of neurons of a region of the primary cortex and higher visual areas.

Bestrophin anion channels are critical for the health of eyes. Here, authors identify multiple bestrophin activators including glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid.

A pan-genome of S. frugiperda suggests that LTR alterations could be a driving factor for genome size variation. Genes are enriched in functions which might be associated in detoxification, implying detoxification selection pressure.

Liver fibrosis develops from excessive matrix produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here, authors identify ABHD17B via an siRNA screen and show that ABHD17B regulates the fibrotic activity of HSCs and promotes liver fibrosis in vivo.

The authors develop an optical gearbox to accelerate the laser scanning microscopes, achieving flexible adjustment of imaging frame rate from tens of Hz to 1 kHz. The technology is validated through in vivo functional imaging of mice brains.

Accuracy loss and slow speed affect the identification of compounds through matching of mass spectra using a large-scale spectral library. Here the authors use Word2vec spectral embedding and hierarchical navigable small-world graph to improve accuracy and speed of spectral matching on their own million-scale in-silico library.

A digital pathology–artificial intelligence framework that leverages active learning and clinician-in-the-loop real-time feedback improves performance in diagnostic tasks.