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Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Scavenger receptor class A member 3 (SR-A3) is implicated in metabolic diseases, but its relationship with MAFLD remains unclear. Here, the authors show that SR-A3 is an important modulator of hepatic energy metabolism and is a potential therapeutic target against MAFLD.

In-vitro platforms for personalized cancer diagnosis is required high sensitivity. Here, the authors developed a digital microfluidic system for drug screening using primary tumor cells and established a working protocol for precision medicine.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Cross-ancestry and sex-stratified genome-wide association analyses for 21 amygdala volumetric traits in East Asian and European individuals provide insight into the genetic architectures of amygdala and subnucleus volumes.

The authors uncover a hidden tetragonal-orthorhombic phase transition pathway which provides an approach to engineer ___domain orientations and further remanent polarization in polycrystalline HfO₂-based ferroelectric films.

Single-molecule electrical detections clarify both productive and hidden degenerate pathways of ring-closing metathesis, and enable precise on-device synthesis of a single polymer with single-monomer-insertion-event resolution.

Ultrafast diffraction is fundamental in capturing the structural dynamics of molecules. Here, the authors establish a variant of quantum state tomography for arbitrary degrees of freedom to characterize the molecular quantum states, which will enable the reconstruction of a quantum molecular movie from diffraction data.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

Although conventional analytical techniques can measure ensemble averages, single-molecule junctions can sense molecular reaction processes at the single-event level. The integration of a single-molecule Pd catalyst into a gapped graphene junction enables the electrical detection of a full catalytic cycle of the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling and clarifies the controversial transmetallation mechanism.

CO₂ electroreduction to higher-value carbons can occur through adsorbed hydrogen or through proton-coupled electron transfer from water. Understanding the impact of each route on product selectivity is challenging. Now H/D isotopic labelling reveals the contribution of each mechanism towards product formation and shows that adsorbed hydrogen dominates the reaction.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

In situ chirality identification for single-molecule systems is not a straightforward task. Now, real-time chirality identification during a Michael addition reaction has been realized by continuous measurements of spin-polarized currents through a single-molecule junction, providing a promising method for studying symmetry-breaking reactions.

The conserved HEAT repeat protein HPO-27 is identified as a lysosome scission factor in Caenorhabditis elegans, and the human homologue MROH1 also serves the same function to maintain lysosomal homeostasis.

Virtual-scanning light-field microscopy (VsLFM) uses a physics-based deep learning model to improve the quality and speed of LFM, reducing motion artifacts and enabling challenging demonstrations such as fast 3D voltage imaging in Drosophila.

A high-quality reference genome for the plant Liriodendron chinense places magnoliids as sister to the clade consisting of eudicots and monocots. Population genomic analyses unravel the evolution of two distinct species in the genus Liriodendron.

Direct electroreduction of dilute CO₂ in flue gas streams is challenging due to the presence of O₂ impurities. Here the authors demonstrate that an acidic electrolyte can overcome this challenge, enabling the generation of multicarbon products from simulated flue gas at reasonable rates.

Improving low-temperature activity and noble-metal efficiency remains a challenge for next generation exhaust catalysts. Here, the authors achieve the activation of subnanometric Pt on Cu-modified CeO₂ for low-temperature CO oxidation with an onset below room temperature.

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is a difficult enzyme to work with. Here, the authors covalently immobilized it in a microfluidic reactor to enhance its storage/thermal stabilities and reusability, which enabled the continuous artificial synthesis of glucose precursor.

Wearable and skin-like X-ray detectors need intrinsic flexibility and high sensitivity. Here Guo et al. develop a stretchable n-type polymer semiconductor with aligned nanofiber networks which achieve photosensitivity of 1.52×10^4 μC Gyair^-1 cm^−2 and low detection limit of 37.7 nGyair s^-1.

BES1 and BZR1 transcription factors are activated by the BRI1-BAK1 receptor complex during brassinosteroid signaling. Here the authors show that BES1-family members also act in anthers, downstream of another receptor-like kinase-mediated signaling pathway, EMS1-TPD1-SERK1/2, to promote tapetum development.

Designing efficient and scalable quantum dot LEDs meeting industrial requirements remains a challenge. Here, the authors, by leveraging the liquid phase exchange of d-MX₂ ligands, present printed quantum dot LEDs with external quantum efficiency over 16% and half lifetime of more than 1,721,000 hours.

This study examines how different head motion correction methods influence functional MRI analyses in autism spectrum disorder, showing that ICA-AROMA, when combined with physiological noise correction and global signal regression, enhances the ability to distinguish ASD from typical development