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A wristband combines continuous glucose monitoring with real-time detection of physiological signals to track glucose metabolism.

Maintaining proper reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance is critical for cellular and individual health, yet its dynamic nature encumbers monitoring and assessment. Here the authors propose a platform using mass cytometry-based detection, termed SN-ROP, to identify distinct ROS profiles associated with specific immune cell functions and disease states.

Frequencies for motor kinematics are encoded by the cerebellum through population tuning of firing probabilities, which leads to cerebellar oscillations and corresponding motions.

The implementation of synthetic Abelian gauge fields in quantum simulators can result in chiral edge currents. The impact of non-Abelian gauge fields on chiral dynamics of ultracold atoms is now explored using a momentum-space lattice technique.

The development of subunit vaccines mimicking the molecular complexity of attenuated vaccines has been limited by the difficulty in co-delivery of multiple chemically diverse payloads. Here, the authors report hierarchical hydrogels, assembled from a single homopolymer via a multi-stage process, that enable ratiometric loading of a protein antigen and four physicochemically distinct adjuvants.

Nie et al. show that myocardial CCDC25 detects doxorubicin-induced neutrophil extracellular trap DNA and activates reactive oxygen species production and autophagy, leading to cardiotoxicity. Targeting CCDC25 exerts a cardioprotective effect without impacting the antitumor activity of doxorubicin in lymphoma and breast cancer models.

The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez controls intestinal stem cell proliferation in Drosophila by inhibiting the Hippo pathway transcription factor Yorkie. Wang et al. reveal that Pez protein stability is regulated by interactions with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Suppressor of Deltex.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

Dong et al. achieve Sb₂(S,Se)₃ solar cells with 10.7% efficiency by increasing charge generation with a textured electrode and reducing charge recombination and transport loss with a conformal electron-selective layer.

Microglia play a critical role in Alzheimer’s disease progression. Here, the authors show that knockout of microglial Cx43 or inhibition of Cx43 hemichannels by nanoparticle-delivered peptide mitigates cognitive deficits and neuropathology in APP/PS1 mice by inducing microglia into a neuroprotective state.

Xia et al. show how p53, guided by cis-regulatory sequences and cofactors (purine-rich element binding protein B and HOX transcript antisense RNA), orchestrates promoter-specific transcriptional regulation.

Real-time neurotransmitter monitoring is crucial for neuroscience and brain disorder treatments. Here, the authors introduce a carbon coating method that achieves reliable, scalable neurotransmitter sensing, integrated with neural electrodes.

The mechanisms underlying the invasiveness and aggressiveness of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to characterise the tumour microenvironment of PitNETs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Experimental and computational analyses indicated that positively charged nanoparticles experience pH- and lipid-coating-dependent transformations in plants that modify their impact on RuBisCO photosynthetic protein corona formation and function.

A suite of flexible, integrated, high-index-contrast chalcogenide glass photonic devices, including waveguides, microdisk resonators, add–drop filters and photonic crystals, is reported. The devices are demonstrated to survive repeated bending to a submillimetre radius without any significant degradation in their optical performance.

Spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains are fabricated through on-surface synthesis and reduction. As the chain length increases, the spin excitation gaps decrease, suggesting a gapless state in the thermodynamic limit. Spinon dispersion observed in the spin chains highlights the potential of this approach for realizing custom quantum spin systems.

Introducing spin–orbit coupling by substrate proximity effect leads to an enhancement of superconducting phases in rhombohedral trilayer graphene.

Xi and colleagues show that BMP signaling has tumor-suppressive effects in ACVR1 wild-type diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma by modulating stemness via chromatin regulation of CXXC5, and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this pathway using in vivo mouse models.

While SNAP25 is critical for neural electrical communication, its cardiac role is unknown. Here the authors show that it governs atrial electrical stability by directing Kv1.5 channel trafficking, with therapeutic implications for atrial fibrillation.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

Direct contact between tumour cells and fibroblasts influences tumour cell behaviour. Here the authors show that pancreatic cancer cells and fibroblasts directly interact via homophilic ATP1A1 binding, which induces fibroblasts to secrete activin A to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumour cells and myofibroblast activation.

Gamboa et al. develop a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapeutic strategy based on synthetic antigens that are delivered to the tumor by lipid nanoparticles and demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of their approach using CAR T cells directed against the synthetic antigen.

Jiang et al. identify Pax as a key regulator of Drosophila midgut homeostasis. Pax coordinates the Hippo and Notch pathways to control the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), ensuring homeostasis of midgut.

Quantum phase transitions are governed by Landau-Ginzburg theory and the exceptions are rare. Here, Li et al. propose a type of Landau-forbidden quantum critical points induced by gapless fermions in two-dimensional Dirac semimetals.

Medical devices face stability challenges in extreme pH conditions. Here, the authors report a liquid-based encapsulation approach that achieves year-long encapsulation in acidic conditions

Ceramics are typically limited by inherent brittleness and weak deformability. Here, the authors synthesize crystalline/amorphous dual-phase ceramic nanofibers, integrating high strength, superior flexibility, and room-temperature plasticity.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Nonlocality has gained increasing attention in metamaterial and metasurface design. This Review discusses recent advances, focusing on the physical mechanisms of nonlocality that lead to intriguing properties and functions.

The mechanism underlying the dissemination of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is unclear. Here, the authors show that STAT3 controls amoeboid migration in DLBCL via the transcriptional activation of RHOH, which then releases RhoA from RhoGDIγ-mediated suppression, or via regulating microtubule dynamics to activate RhoA.

The correlated errors in superconducting qubits have been linked to high-energy particle impacts from cosmic rays, but a direct observation has been lacking. Here, the authors measure the quasiparticle bursts and correlated errors and separate the contributions of cosmic-ray muons and γ-rays in a 63-qubit processor.

Here, the authors present cryoEM structures of AftB, a key mycobacterial enzyme that adds terminal arabinose residues to the cell wall. In concert with functional assays and MD simulations, mechanistic insights are presented.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

A transfer technique that embeds a van der Waals interface of interest in a high-adhesion matrix can decouple the properties of the functional interface from the forces required for its fabrication, providing single-step material-to-device integration.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

Cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA profiling had prognostic value in a cohort of 584 patients with lung cancer and central nervous system metastases, and could be used to inform personalized therapies.

Minerals are rarely explored as building blocks for dynamic inorganic materials. Here, the authors derive inspiration from fish scales to create mutable surfaces based on arrays of calcite crystals, in which one end of each crystal is immobilized in and regenerated from silicone, and the other functional end is left exposed.

In a phase 1/2 trial in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), followed by a phase 2 trial in an EGFR-mutant selected population, treatment with the TROP2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate sacituzumab tirumotecan led to encouraging clinical response rates, especially in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC, which was supported by mechanistic data.