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Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), disruptions in myelin and axonal structures occur, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here the authors show that, at the myelin–axon interface, axon–glial signaling, paranodal architecture and amyloid-β aggregation are altered in AD, implicating myelin–axon disruption in disease progression.

Simultaneous transfer of chirality and energy is desirable, but challenging to achieve in synthetic systems. Here, the authors report a system inspired by chlorosomes in which donor-acceptor chromophores form helical stacks, shielding them from water and allowing chirality and energy transfer.

Chen, Yang et al. present DreAM, the drug-elicitable alternative splicing module, which is responsive to risdiplam, to inducibly regulate adeno-associated virus vector-mediated transgene expression. Proof-of-concept applications in cardiomyocytes revealed its potential for future clinical use in improving cardiac recovery after myocardial infarction.

Retarder arrays enable advanced photonic applications but are limited by controllable flexibility. Here, authors demonstrate a compound modulator that creates synthetic tuneable retarder arrays, offering unprecedented dynamic control of light, enabling new beam generation, analysis, and correction.

An icing forecast hydrogel device encapsulating ice-nucleating proteins colorimetrically predicts ice formation with high accuracy. The device successfully activated a wind turbine deicing system 70 min before ice accumulation.

Currently, there is limited understanding of the molecular subtypes of fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, the authors employ integrated genomics and transcriptomics to develop a CpG site-specific methylation signature for the identification of FH-deficient RCC, and to identify three distinct molecular subtypes for this rare but highly lethal kidney cancer.

SERPINB9 (SPB9) has been reported as a critical factor in the resistance to immunotherapy but its role in chemosensitivity remains unknown. Here this work reports that gemcitabine (GEM) treatment leads to upregulation of SPB9 in vitro/vivo, therefore engineer a nanocarrier co-delivering GEM and siSPB9 for preclinical pancreatic cancer treatment.

Serine metabolism is essential for leukemogenesis and stemness in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here the authors show that targeting IGF2BP3 disrupts the serine synthesis pathway in AML cells in an RNA N⁶-Methyladenosine modification dependent manner, sensitizing AML cells to serine and glycine deprivation.

China’s agricultural sector continues to mechanize, but this could generate up to one-fifth of future carbon dioxide, particulate matter and nitrogen emissions. Renewable energy sources could mitigate two-thirds of these emissions.

In this study, multiple μ-spatially offset Raman spectroscopy is used to determine blood glucose levels noninvasively in humans, achieving comparatively high accuracy in a clinical setting.

Polynary perovskite oxides are promising air electrodes for rSOCs, with configuration entropy (S_config) often linked to reactivity. However, high S_config alone does not strongly correlate with performance. This study develops a model identifying key descriptors to guide high-activity oxide discovery.

Transient R-loops form around DSBs must be timely removed for HR repair. Here, the authors show that SART3 promotes DDX1 helicase binding to DSBs for optimal DNA-RNA hybrid removal, and enhances USP15-BARD1 association for efficient DNA end resection.

The pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains to be understood. Here the authors identify that USP26 deubiquitinase drives the progression of HBV-associated HCC via regulating the protein stability of Sirtuin 1.

A simple method combining thermal activation and electric fields is demonstrated to efficiently generate ordered vacancies in bulk metal oxides, which can be used for broad applications.

Preparation of monocyclic 1,2-azaborines, a unique class of benzene isosteres, has been challenging. Now, an efficient and modular method has been developed to access diverse multi-substituted 1,2-azaborines from readily available cyclopropyl imines/ketones and dibromoboranes. The reaction goes through an unusual ring-opening BN-isostere benzannulation mechanism.

A strategy is reported that improves the performance and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries by adding organic Li salt after assembly, which decomposes during cell formation, liberating Li ions and expelling organic ligands as gases.

Transcription elongation is an essential step for gene expression control but remains unclear during spermatogenesis. Here, the authors report that NKAPL, a testis-specific protein distantly related to RNA splicing factors, is a crucial regulator of transcription pause-release.

The reliability of memristors has always been a major obstacle in neuromorphic computing. This work reports a negative differential resistance memristor based on quantum well structure for neuron circuit implementation, which shows low performance variation (0.264%), high temperature resistance at 400 °C.

A study examines functional human endogenous fatty acid synthase and characterizes its structural dynamics using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, providing insights into its dynamics during the fatty acid synthesis condensing cycle.

Processing heterogeneous visual data in edge-side intelligent machines is complex and inefficient. Here, the authors propose a hardware-software co-designed system using random resistive memory, achieving significant energy efficiency and training cost reductions.

Benign airway stenosis (BAS) is characterised by acute and chronic inflammation of the trachea. Here the authors examine the function of cGAS-STING in BAS using mouse models and show involvement of macrophages and that inhibition of STING or macrophage depletion ameliorated BAS.

Intensity adaptive optics employs a dual-feedback loop to recover non-uniform intensity distribution and energy loss at the pupil plane, validated in both sensor-based and sensorless formats.

The authors propose vertical tunneling ferroelectric field-effect transistors based on asymmetric MoS₂/h-BN/metal tunnel junction as channel. The Fermi level of MoS₂ is bipolarly tuned by ferroelectric domains and detected by the quantum tunneling strength across the junction.

A sulfur-rich covalent organic framework with low-valence Pt single atom sites is reported for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The material was stable under reaction conditions due to reduced hydrogen desorption barriers and enhanced charge separation.

The African swine fever virus represents a threat to global pig production. Here, the authors determine the cryo-EM structures of ASFV RNA polymerase, and suggest that the M1249L subunit may modulate polymerase activity in cells.

This study presents a neuromorphic computing platform capable of learning cross-modal, event-driven signals for efficient real-time knowledge generalization. It also achieves zero-shot transfer learning for multimodal data.

Ferroelectric transistors are promising building blocks for developing energy-efficient memory and logic applications. Here, the authors report a record high 300 K resistance on-off ratio achieved in ferroelectric-gated Mott transistors by exploiting a charge transfer layer to tailor the channel carrier density and mitigate the ferroelectric depolarization effect.

This new β-Li₃N solid-state electrolyte demonstrates a vacancy-mediated superionic diffusion mechanism, achieving high ionic conductivity (2.14 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹) and effectively suppressing lithium dendrite growth. Its high compatibility with lithium and air stability promises improved safety and performance in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries, making it ideal for advanced energy storage applications.

The authors identify nanobodies from immunized alpaca with broadly neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and major sarbecoviruses. One representative nanobody binds to a highly conserved epitope on RBD and protects K18-hACE2 mice from Omicron and Delta infection.

While solid-state lithium-ion batteries offer promising energy densities for safe energy storage, typical solid electrolytes show poor room-temperature ionic conduction. Now the origin of the superionic transition observed in Li₃YCl₆-type Li-ion conductors is revealed by in-depth crystal structure characterizations and improved ionic conductivities achieved by lowering the transition temperature.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

TMEM16F is a Ca²⁺ activated ion channel and lipid scramblase involved in cell fusion. Here authors determine cryo-EM structures of TMEM16F with or without bound blockers, such as the FDA-approved drug niclosamide.

Z. Liu, Y. Liu and Z. Yu et al. discovered a subtype of valve interstitial cells underneath the valve endothelial cells sensing unidirectional flow. These cells express high levels of APOE, which is responsible for JAG1–NOTCH2-mediated fetal elastogenesis.

PTFE waste, a growing ecological concern, urges the exploration of disposal methods. This study investigates PTFE’s plasma gasification, revealing POCD (oxygen) and FHD (steam) pathways. Experiments validate the above mechanism, showing an 80.12% fluorine recovery in 5 min under optimal conditions.

Risk prediction for prognosis in colorectal cancer is an important tool. Here, the authors utilise GWAS from 5 cohorts of colorectal cancer patients, and show a healthy lifestyle is associated with a 7.6% improvement in overall survival among patients with high pathologic and genetic risk.

The gut microbiome affects systemic metabolism and is a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Here the authors demonstrate in a randomized controlled trial that effects of berberine, a plant alkaloid known to lower blood glucose, may be explained by the inhibition of Ruminococcus bromii mediated biotransformation of the bile acid deoxycholic acid.

Black phosphorus (BP) is a 2D semiconductor with potential for (opto-)electronic applications, but its large-scale integration with Si substrates is challenging. Here, the authors report a method to transfer cm-scale BP films onto SiO₂/Si substrates retaining their uniformity and electrical properties.

Growing vapor pressure deficit inhibits vegetation growth. Here, Chen et al. combine satellite and eddy covariance data with field experiments showing that plant growth in northern peatlands is not constrained by water even in the presence of a warming-induced water pressure deficit.

Ye and colleagues show that an oncolytic virus that delivers tumor-irrelevant bystander T cell epitopes to tumor cells can exploit the abundant population of bystander T cells in the tumor for anti-tumor immunity and potentiate cancer immunotherapy.

This study reveals how infections that increase long-term dementia risk can contribute to longitudinal brain volume loss and regulate immunological proteins in plasma, and which of these proteins may drive infection-specific neurodegeneration.