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The high fraction of sp³-hybridized carbon atoms (Fsp³) in cyclobutanes makes them promising bioisosteres for arenes. Now by combining bicyclo[1.1.0]butane C–C activation with remote meta-C–H functionalization, via a ruthenacycle-mediated halogen-atom transfer process, densely decorated Fsp³-rich cyclobutanes can be formed in a single step with high chemo- and position selectivity.

Many thrombolytic agents depend on plasminogen, leading to D-dimer accumulation. Here, Tang et al. report a plasminogen-independent thrombolytic enzyme that degrades blood clots and D-dimer without plasminogen.

In a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial, stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4R alpha, significantly improved daily nasal and ocular symptom scores during the pollen phase in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Bone-tendon interface repair is a challenge due to the transition between tissues. Here the authors report on magnetic Janus hydrogel microrobots loaded with dual bioactive ions for controlling cell phenotype and structure to promote healing of the bone-tendon interface in rotator cuff tear reconstruction surgery.

Interferon-γ (IFNγ)-activated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2) phosphorylates phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) at serine 337 (S337), enabling glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) interaction, promoting α-ketoglutarate-dependent PHD3-mediated GPX4 proline 159 (P159) hydroxylation and stabilizing GPX4 to counteract ferroptosis.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Chiral noble metal nanostructures are particularly interesting for optical materials and enantioselective catalysis. Here, the authors report the synthesis and crystal structure of a chiral Ag₂₃ nanocluster, whose twisted fcc skeleton is responsible for its chiral nature–an unusual property for silver.

It is highly desired to explore cheap, non-toxic transition metals catalysts for semihydrogenation of acetylene. Here, isolated Cu atoms anchored onto a defective nanodiamond-graphene support exhibit robust catalytic performance in acetylene semihydrogenation in comparison with supported Cu clusters.

Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase-phosphorylated adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) binds to Beclin1 upon lipid deprivation. ADSL-produced fumarate increases Beclin1 K117 dimethylation by inhibiting lysine demethylase 8 activity, resulting in disrupted binding of BCL-2 to Beclin1, enhanced autophagy and liver tumor growth.

Ming, Yang, Huang et al. design a chimeric matchmaker peptide, which targets a senescent cell-specific surface marker and modifies the cell surface with polyglutamic acid. This promotes interactions with natural killer cells and senescent cell clearance in liver fibrosis, lung injury, cancer and natural aging.

Enhancing the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes is critically important for developing high-performance batteries. Here, authors show the positive effect of structural disorder on the lithium-ion diffusion dynamics and reveal the ion conduction mechanism in complex disordered structures.

The preferential oxidation of CO (PROX) in hydrogen is a promising solution for hydrogen purification. Here the authors report a novel bimetallic Pt-Fe catalyst with ultralow metal loading which delivers excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in PROX, while maintains good stability for a long period.

The clinical outcomes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain poor, and thus it remains critical to find prognostic molecular markers. Here, the authors identify prognostic ESCC subtypes based on bulk and single-cell RNA-seq combined with histology AI in samples from patients with more than four years of follow-up, and find markers associated with immune evasion.

Radiation-induced tumor vaccination is insufficient to elicit robust antitumor immune response. Here they combine chiral vidarabine monophosphate-gadolinium nanowires with immune checkpoint blockade therapy to synergistically induce antitumor immunity.

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IFI16 enhances the type I IFN response to inhibit influenza virus replication by two mechanisms: it directly binds viral RNA to promote RIG-I activation and upregulates RIG-I expression via recruiting RNA polymerase II and binding to the RIG-I promoter.

Measurements of the electronic structure of a trilayer cuprate superconductor suggest that its high critical temperature is explained by the different doping levels of the layers. The combination of underdoped inner layer and overdoped outer layers supports superconductivity.

In this study, Wang et al. show that the glycolytic metabolite phosphoenolpyruvate, produced by enolase 2, contributes to colorectal cancer malignancy and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy by inhibiting endogenous histone deacetylase 1 and favouring β-catenin signalling.

The structural modification of inactive materials to effectively engineer active catalysts is very attractive. Here, layered crystalline Pd₃P₂S₈ is transformed by electrochemical lithiation into amorphous Li-incorporated nanodots. This process turns the inert parent material into a highly active and stable hydrogen-evolving catalyst.

Click-ExM uses click-chemistry-based labeling to increase the versatility of expansion microscopy. Click-ExM enables imaging of numerous classes of biomolecules including lipids, glycans, proteins, DNA, RNA and small molecules.

Pendrin SLC26A4 plays an important role for anion balance. Here, authors resolve cryo-EM structures of pendrin performing co-incident uptake and secretion of anions, providing a structural basis of this anion exchange mechanism.

Recently, superconductivity near 80 K was observed in La3Ni2O7 under high pressure, but the mechanism is debated. Here the authors report angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements under ambient pressure, revealing flat bands with strong electronic correlations that could be linked to superconductivity.

Li Zhang, Zhimin Cui, and Qianqian Li et al. compare the infectivity, host tropism, and antigenicity of 10 SARS-CoV-2 variants using a VSV-based pseudovirus system. Their results suggest that variants carrying E484K display the most significant reduction in sensitivity to neutralization, and may provide further insight into the development of relevant therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Cardiovascular disease diagnosis can be invasive and complex. Here, the authors present a flexible optoacoustic blood ‘stethoscope’ that noninvasively and continuously monitors cardiovascular health.

The use of an allosteric drug-design method resulted in the identification of a first-in-class cellularly active SIRT6 activator that induces cell-cycle arrest in the G₀–G₁ phase, thus suppressing proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

There is a low efficiency of A-to-G base conversion in at specific positions using base editors. Here the authors fuse ABE8e with the Rad51 DNA-binding ___domain to generate a hyperactive ABE allowing improved A-to-G editing efficiency at the region proximal to the PAM and improved simultaneous A/C conversion efficiency.

High-precision photoemission measurements determine that the superconducting pairing symmetry in KFe₂As₂ is the same as in other types of iron-based superconductors, despite having different features in the band structure.

Chemo-resistance and immune evasion are major challenges in osteosarcoma treatment. Here the authors show that doxorubicin promotes IL-18 secretion by tumor associated macrophages inducing LAT2-dependent CD47 upregulation in osteosarcoma cells, suggesting LAT2 inhibition as a therapeutic option in combination with doxorubicin.

Doxorubicin is commonly used in cancer chemotherapy, but its cardiotoxicity from iron overload is one of the severe side effects. Here, the authors prepare magnesium hexacyanoferrate nanocatalysts to capture excess ferrous species and eliminate cytotoxic radical species in vitro and in vivo.

Interorgan communications play key roles in the regulation of whole-body energy metabolism. Here, the authors report the myokine Musclin as a negative regulator of beige adipose thermogenesis and systemic energy homeostasis through Tfr1/PKA signalling mediated muscle fat crosstalk.

The development of an artificial intelligence-based weather forecasting model named YingLong-weather, enables a spatial resolution of 3 km x 3 km and minimises boundary condition issues by smoothing with lateral boundary conditions

It is needed yet difficult to achieve a strategy for synthesizing single-atom nanozymes that integrate atomic metal dispersion, elevated mass transport and tailorable coordination environment. Here, the authors address this issue by developing a biomimetic synthetic strategy and demonstrate the application of the resultant single-atom Fe nanozymes for tumor visual identification.

Kagome superconductors host a panoply of condensed matter phenomena, some of which are mediated by band topology. Here, authors use ARPES and DFT to identify type-II and type-III Dirac nodal lines, flat bands and topological surface states in the kagome metal CsTi₃Bi₅.

The innate immune response to many RNA viruses depends on recognition of viral RNA by RIG-I. Here the authors show that, upon virus infection, FBXW7 interacts with RIG-I and inhibits ubiquitin-mediated degradation of RIG-I, resulting in increased interferon signallingin vitro and in vivo.

The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by a soft-template methodology is challenging. Here, the authors attach the soft templates to the COFs backbone via ion bonds, avoiding crystallization incompatibilities and allowing subsequent removal of the template by ion exchange for enhanced U(VI)/Th(IV) adsorption performance.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents have shown some activity in patients with late-stage gastric cancer. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of neoadjuvant anti-PD1 (camrelizumab), antiangiogenic agent (apatinib), and chemotherapy (S-1 ± Oxaliplatin) in stage T4a/bN + M0 gastric cancer patients.

Phosphorylation of INSIG1 and INSIG2 by PCK1 leads to a reduction in the binding of sterols, the activation of SREBP1 and SREBP2 and the downstream transcription of lipogenesis-associated genes that promote tumour growth.