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Zhang et al. show that the activation of RIPK1 is suppressed by acetylhypusination in a spermidine-dependent manner. Disruption of this axis contributes to RIPK1-mediated vascular pathology to promote insulin resistance and diabetic kidney pathology.

Wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr6-mediated resistance is enhanced at lower temperatures whereas Sr13 and Sr21 resistances are enhanced at higher temperatures. Here, the authors clone Sr6 and show the divergent molecular pathways governing temperature-dependent resistance among these genes.

RNF214 ubiquitin ligase is understudied. Here the authors show RNF214 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inducing non-proteolytic ubiquitylation of TEADs and activating YAP signaling pathway.

Helleday and colleagues describe a nanomolar MTHFD2 inhibitor that causes replication stress and DNA damage accumulation in cancer cells via thymidine depletion, demonstrating a potential therapeutic strategy in AML tumors in vivo.

Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the role and regulation of photorespiration in plant response to high light is still limited. Here, the authors report a cytosolic glyoxylate shunt for photorespiration that can reduce carbon retention in the photorespiratory intermediates that are toxic to plants.

Hydrogen isotope exchange is essential for the synthesis of deuterium-labeled compounds but remains challenging under mild conditions. This study demonstrates the selective deuteration of alkylarenes at room temperature using atomically dispersed surface barium hydride.

Malignant pleural effusion is a challenge for cancer therapy. Here, the authors report on a piezoelectric nano-system that inhibits tumor growth in the thoracic cavity by piezo-generated reactive oxygen species using the intrapleural pressure, triggering immunogenic cell death, to treat malignant pleural effusion.

Photonic sensing is a method for detecting individual chemical species, but can fail when they are sufficiently similar in physical properties. Here, the authors report a method that can distinguish even very closely related species, such as homologues and chemical isomers.

Although dry reforming of methane can convert CO₂ to valuable chemicals, the reaction requires near-equivalent amounts of CH₄. Now it has been demonstrated that an electro-thermocatalytic CH₄ reforming process, when combined with the reverse water–gas shift and H₂O electrolysis reactions, can efficiently catalyse CO₂-rich natural gas into syngas.

Smaller nanostructures often have higher activities, but at the expense of losing chemical stability. Here, the authors find that reducing the size of FeO nanostructures to below 3 nm enhances their resistance to oxidation, and attribute this unexpected observation to a size-dependent, structural dynamics effect.

Derivation of human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) is critical for reproductive medicine. Here, authors report the induction of hPGCLCs in a bioengineered human pluripotent stem cell culture that mimics peri-implantation human development.

Evidence for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate COPD is limited. Here, the authors show that long-term treatment with high-dose N-acetylcysteine neither significantly reduced the annual rate of total exacerbations nor improve lung function in patients with mild-tomoderate COPD.

Climate change is causing drylands to expand and this work shows that they will cover half of the land surface by 2100 under a moderate emissions scenario.

The adaptor protein TRADD is a regulator of both cellular homeostasis and apoptosis, and represents a potential therapeutic target for human diseases.

The protein phosphatase 4 complex, the Snf1 kinase, and the transcriptional regulators CreA and Crf1 collaboratively control carbon catabolite repression and de-repression in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

Conventional electrophoretic color displays require a permanent electric field, increasing power consumption. Here, the authors report an electrically responsive photonic crystal with switchable bistable states by particle rearrangement for low power consumption displays.

A broad-range human antibody with neutralizing activity against various coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, targets a unique epitope within the highly conserved S2’ site and the fusion peptide of the spike protein that is exposed during interaction with the host cell. The pan-coronavirus antibody protects mice against infection with SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 following prophylactic and therapeutic treatment.

Proteomic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-infected human primary T cells identifies P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 as an HIV-1 restriction factor, which can inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcription and block viral infectivity through incorporation in progeny virions antagonized by HIV-1 viral protein U.

The current tumour-node-metastasis staging system alone cannot provide adequate information for prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in patients with gastric cancer. Herein, the authors propose a pathomics signature that was derived from multiple features of haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.

Understanding and controlling morphogenesis is vital for biology and organoid technology. Here, the authors report an efficient biomechanical system to generate gut spheroids, and reveal instability-driven morphogenetic transitions with computational models.

Marginal seas are surrounded by continents and respond quickly to climate change effects. Here the authors show that the rotating circulation is structured by energetic hotspots with large vorticity identifiable by the Stokes' Theorem.

Scientists should carefully consider whether embryo models based on human stem cells are essential to their work because of the associated practical and ethical challenges.

Gastric cancer can metastasise to the peritoneal cavity; predicting in which patients this will occur is important for clinical management of the disease. Here, the authors use multi-photon imaging to derive a collagen signature of the primary cancer that allows the prediction of metastasis.

Newly developed microfluidic neural tube-like and forebrain-like structures based on human pluripotent stem cells can model pivotal aspects of neural patterning along both the rostral–caudal and dorsal–ventral axes.

Plant viruses have evolved various virulence strategies to overcome plant immunity. Here the authors show that distinct viral proteins repress JA-SA crosstalk by targeting rice NPR1 protein to facilitate viral infection

Early in development, human embryos form a structure called the blastocyst. Two research groups have now generated human blastocyst-like structures from cells in a dish, providing a valuable model for advancing human embryology.

Signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a unique type of gastric cancer with no prognostic features. Here, the authors report a CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 gene fusion in patients with a high signet-ring cell content, poor survival outcomes, and who experience no benefit from platinum/fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapy.

Identical twins from a single embryo are formed in multiple species, albeit rarely. It is not clear how such twinning is suppressed during early development. Here they show that calcium signalling activity is propagated through the extraembryonic tissue to prevent ectopic primitive streak formation during gastrulation.

All-solid-state lithium batteries performance is affected by the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and electrically disconnected (“dead”) Li metal. Here, via operando NMR measurements, the authors quantify the Li metal in the SEI and “dead” regions using various inorganic solid-state electrolytes.

Ammonia can be synthesized electrochemically from nitric oxide, but the catalytic performance has generally not been satisfactory. Here the authors report a highly active copper–tin alloy for nitric oxide reduction to ammonia, which they test in a flow cell and a membrane electrode assembly.

The rice spikelet is important for seed development and yield. In this study, Cai et al.report that the plant hormone jasmonic acid can control spikelet development and potentially regulate cereal yield.

This resource integrates different human embryo datasets to create a transcriptional reference map of human embryonic development from zygote to gastrula.

Although human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used to regenerate neural tissues, inefficient protocols and poorly defined culture conditions have hindered their use. It is now shown that soft, micropatterned culture substrates can induce hPSCs to differentiate into motor neurons with significantly improved yields and purity in comparison to rigid substrates, and that such mechanotransductive process involves the Hippo/YAP pathway and phosphorylation of the intracellular protein Smad.

Cooperation between the ULK complex and autophagy receptors mediates targeting cargoes to autophagosomes. Here, the authors show that interactions of ULK subunit FIP200 with autophagy receptors CCPG1 and Optineurin can be regulated by phosphorylation, suggesting a general binding mode shared by autophagy receptors.

Human and murine embryonic development has disparities, highlighting the need for primate systems. Here, the authors construct a post-implantation transcriptional atlas from non-human primate embryos and show ISL1 controls a gene regulatory network in the amnion required for mesoderm formation.

Tocilizumab has been used to treat the excessive inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients. Here, the authors use single-cell RNA sequencing results from two severe COIVD-19 patients to provide high-dimensional immune profiling data, and to implicate potential cellular and molecular insights for the therapeutic effects of tocilizumab.

How adhesive forces are transduced and integrated into biochemical signals at focal adhesions (FAs) is poorly understood. Here authors show that force- FAK signaling coupling coordinates cell migration and tissue-scale forces to promote microtissue repair.

Myosin VI can facilitate the maturation of autophagosomes in autophagy through interactions with Tom1 and autophagy receptors. Here authors report the structure of the cargobinding ___domain of Myosin VI in complex with Tom1, which provides insights into Myosin IV’s cargo recognition modes.

The balance of DELLA and GRF4 proteins in plants ensures the co-regulation of growth with metabolism and tipping this balance towards GRF4 leads to higher efficiency of nitrogen use.