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The observation of nanocrystal crystallisation has long been a fundamental goal in nanoscience and remains a challenge due to the lack of spatiotemporal characterisation techniques. Here authors monitor the crystallisation of perovskite nanocrystals in polymer matrix at single-particle level using super-resolution florescence microscopy.

The authors propose a design that equips a programmable metasurface with integrated capability for sensing and manipulating electromagnetic waves, allowing it to leverage the environmental information to enhance wireless system performance in complex environments.

Li et al. uncover a lysosomal surveillance response whereby intestinal lumen deacidification induces a transcriptional programme that boosts lysosomal activity and improves protein aggregate clearance in multiple worm disease models, extending healthspan.

Preliminary results from an investigator-initiated clinical trial showed that an AAV-OTOF gene therapy was safe and led to hearing improvements in ten patients with congenital deafness with 6–12 months of follow-up, including in a teenager and a young adult, expanding the age range from previous trials.

The paralogs cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol synthase 1 and 2 form a potentially targetable synthetic lethal relationship in mesenchymal-like cancers that involves disruption of lipid metabolism.

The powdery mildew resistance of the MLIW170/PM26 locus, which originated from wild emmer wheat, is determined by a genetically linked atypical NLR gene pair, TdCNL1 and TdCNL5, with TdCNL1 encoding an atypical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein integrating a potassium-dependent sodium-calcium exchanger ___domain.

Super spreading events are considered important contributors to the spread of COVID−19, but the extent to which superspreading varies by transmission setting is unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate heterogeneity in superspreading and the generation interval between COVID−19 cases in different settings using data from Hong Kong.

Neural networks fundamentally dictate function. Here, the authors show thirteen uniquely connected neuron populations within the anterior thalamic nuclei, suggesting multiple parallel subnetworks support its emotional and cognitive functions.

The effects of non-reacting components on polyatomic reactions are still largely unclear. Here, the authors show through a combined experimental and theoretical study of the D + CH₄ reaction that the CH₃ umbrella bending mode serves as a reporter mode, revealing how the D atom dynamically approaches CH₄.

Human RIF1 protein protects cells from DNA replication stress, through mechanisms that remain uncertain. Here the authors demonstrate that the RIF1-Long isoform interacts with BRCA1 upon extended replication stress, enabling RAD51-dependent repair of broken replication forks.

Deubiquitinating enzymes play an essential role in myocardial hypertrophy. Here, the authors show the beneficial effects of a cardiomyocyte-derived deubiquitinating enzyme, USP13, in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and identify a cardiomyocyte-specific USP13-STAT1 axis in regulating cardiac hypertrophy.

Freestanding membranes of hafnium zirconium oxide can be created using pulsed laser deposition method and used as the top-gate dielectric in molybdenum disulfide transistors.

White-light emission from materials and devices usually occurs omni-directional through space. Here, the authors show that sintering carbon dots with TiO₂ forms a microlens-shape surface that enables directional emission with 1/60 solid angle.

Sodium-air batteries are appealing energy storage systems due to high theoretical energy density and high sodium abundance. But they are plagued with low efficiency and large overpotential. Here, authors report long-term reversibility over 1000 cycles with 99% efficiency using a cascade electrocatalysis strategy based on Na[Li_1/3Ru_2/3]O₂ electrodes.

A new asymmetric non-fullerene acceptor, P2EH-1V, is designed and synthesized for constructing devices demonstrating record-high efficiencies of 26.7% (certified at 26.4%) over an aperture area greater than 1 cm² in perovskite–organic tandem solar cells.

Interlocked molecules offer a platform to control the relative motion between different molecular components with precision which is a cornerstone of synthetic nanotechnology. Here, the authors utilize a molecular dual pump to achieve the assembly of translational isomers with high efficiency and accuracy.

Dysregulated R-loops can compromise genome stability, leading to pathological consequences. Li et al. demonstrate that R-loop-induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 activation orchestrates exonuclease 3′–5′ ___domain-containing 2-mediated R-loop resolution, thereby safeguarding genomic integrity.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Yeast surface display technology enables real-time monitoring and effective screening of libraries of millions of disulfide-cyclised peptides against diverse protein targets. Selected ligands are characterised rapidly and quantitatively without the need for chemical synthesis and purification.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

JWST observations suggest that both pebbles and planetesimals played an important role in forming the giant exoplanet WASP-121 b beyond the H₂O ice line. They also indicate that strong vertical mixing likely drives the nightside atmospheric chemistry.

Upon encounter of abasic lesions, a highly-prevalent DNA damage, RNA polymerase I experiences a two-step pausing-stalling mechanism that is described here through cryo-EM analysis. The structures uncover the nucleotide entry mechanism and provide insights into intrinsic RNA cleavage.

Promoters are able to modulate the performance of catalysts for a given process, but this can be done through various mechanisms. Here the role of Mn as a promoter on Fe-based catalysts for CO₂ hydrogenation to olefins is comprehensively investigated via spectroscopic and kinetic analyses. The promoter induces a restructuring of the catalyst surface, balancing the strength of the adsorption of reactants and intermediates.

In a cluster-randomized trial conducted across 70 medical centers in six countries, a 16-week structured educational program for healthcare providers improved adherence to guidelines for rhythm control but not for stroke prevention in individuals with atrial fibrillation.

Environmental performance varies widely between different aquaculture production systems in China. Promoting strategies that have smaller footprints can improve the environmental sustainability of aquaculture and contribute to more sustainable agrifood systems.

A combination of metagenomic data from experimental and natural warming with microbial culturing experiments shows that warming increases the potential of evolution of antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria.

T cell responses can be generated to either pathogen infection or from priming with a vaccine. Here the authors compare T cell generation, phenotype and single cell transcriptome of participants vaccinated with a mpox vaccine or infected with the virus showing that the virus induced T cells showed more effective function and phenotype.

The role of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (MIRI) largely remains unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Myocardial Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) protein promotes MIRI suggesting MAVS protein as potential therapeutic target.

Two genetically linked TdNLR genes from wild emmer wheat are both required for YrTD121-mediated stripe rust resistance. The TdNLR1 and TdNLR2 pair lacks an integrated ___domain, representing an uncommon architecture for paired NLRs in plants.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Bacterial colonies growing on solid surfaces can exhibit robust expansion kinetics, with constant radial growth and saturating vertical expansion. Here, the authors use modeling and experiments to show that colony growth dynamics are driven by an interplay of mechanical constraints and nutrient gradients arising from obligatory metabolic processes.

A 50 microRNA-based dynamic risk score for stratifying individuals with and without type 1 diabetes was developed using samples obtained from multicenter and multiethnic cohorts.

Conventional desalination membranes suffer from insufficient performance, stability and energy efficiency, impeding their application. Here, authors design a ceramic-carbon Janus membrane with enhanced desalination performance, energy efficiency, and operation stability for hypersaline desalination.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

As presented at the 2025 ASCO Annual Meeting: in a randomized platform phase II trial, high rates of pathologic complete response were seen for neoadjuvant durvalumab plus chemotherapy when combined with new agents, most notably a TROP2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate, in patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer.

Knowledge about the fate control of GABAergic neuron subtypes during development and pathogenesis is limited. Here authors reveal Foxg1 regulates transcriptional programs that direct lineage bifurcation.

Emerging applications of steam electrolysis and electrochemical synthesis for future hydrogen technologies at intermediate temperatures set stringent requirements on the stability of protonic ceramic cells. Now a sintering approach enables densified Ce-free protonic zirconate cells with enhanced Faradaic efficiency and exceptional stability under harsh operating conditions.

Rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) can infect humans, but the extent of spillover isn’t well studied. Here the authors develop a serological test that distinguishes exposure to rat HEV from other HEV infection and show substantial spillover in a biodiversity hotspot in China. The method can support surveillance of rat HEV.

Accounting for near-surface temperature gradients leads to estimates for annual CO₂ uptake in the North Atlantic that are 7% higher, based on a comparison of eddy covariance and bulk CO₂ measurements, which is consistent with theory, laboratory assessments and model analysis.

The microbial processes involved in deep sea phosphorous cycling are unclear. Here, the authors develop a deep learning model, LucaPCycle, identifying alkaline phosphatase families and archaea that contribute to phosphorous cycling in deep sea cold seeps.

Human proteases TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS11D can be highjacked to mediate cell entry of respiratory viruses. This study examines the biochemical and structural basis of TMPRSS11D auto-activation and substrate specificity, informing peptidomimetic inhibitor development.

Scaling effects on ferroelectric domains could impact applications for next-generation miniaturized devices. Here brownmillerite oxides are shown to demonstrate ferroelectric domains with widths down to the sub-unit-cell level.

Sodium-ion batteries face challenges due to electrode degradation and interphase instability. Here, authors develop a smart gel polymer electrolyte for hard carbon||NaNi_1/3Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ batteries via in situ polymerization of specific monomers in conventional electrolytes.

Many thrombolytic agents depend on plasminogen, leading to D-dimer accumulation. Here, Tang et al. report a plasminogen-independent thrombolytic enzyme that degrades blood clots and D-dimer without plasminogen.