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This study introduces an electrochemical approach for synthesizing 1,3-butadiene via acetylene hydrogenation, offering petroleum-free pathway for C4H6 production. Mechanistic investigations show that optimizing the C2H2/H2O ratio can enhance the kinetics of the rate-limiting step.

Infective endocarditis lacks biomarkers for early diagnosis and personalized care. Here, the authors show proteomic characteristics of plasma and vegetation linked to disease progression, identifying diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers like LRG1 and ADIPOQ, and therapeutic targets like neutrophil traps.

vdW assembly of low-dimensional materials has proven the capability of creating structures with on-demand properties. Here, the authors report on the structural collapse of CNTs in conjunction with a metal-semiconductor junction induced by the VdW encapsulation.

Developing simple strategies for the controlled synthesis and stabilization of metastable carbides remains a challenge. Here, the authors show that potassium ions (K⁺) facilitate the formation of metastable ɛ-Fe₂C from an Fe₂N precursor by enhancing the surface carbon chemical potential.

Here, the authors demonstrate moiré collective vibrations, the mechanical counterparts of moiré excitons, at heterointerfaces of twisted tungsten diselenide/tungsten disulfide heterobilayers.

Veratramine and cyclopamine are valuable molecules in agricultural and medicinal chemistry, but the efficient chemical synthesis approaches are in high demand. Here, the authors report the concise, divergent, and scalable syntheses of veratramine and cyclopamine with 11% and 6.2% overall yield, respectively.

Auxin can promote or inhibit hypocotyl elongation. This biphasic effect has puzzled generations of plant biologists. Wang et al. shows that the decreasing apoplastic pH, stimulated by auxin, underlies the change in hypocotyl growth response.

Synthesis of millimetre-sized hexagonal diamond has been demonstrated, facilitated by the formation of intermediate post-graphite phases and temperature gradients.

Stimulating endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation offers a promising approach for treating cardiac injuries. Here, the authors demonstrate that Foxk1 and Foxk2 promote heart regeneration by enhancing cardiomyocyte proliferation through cell cycle activation and metabolic reprogramming, presenting potential therapeutic targets for ischemic heart disease

The authors synthesise a Bi-based halide and use it as a photosensitive control gate in a floating-gate transistor, enabling a non-volatile optoelectronic memory with ultra-low energy consumption and large resistive state numbers, for high-accuracy machine learning.

The mechanisms involved in the formation of the premetastatic niche in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not completely elucidated. Here, the authors show that matrix stiffness in HCC induces cancer-exosome release which increases glucose availability in the lung premetastatic niche favouring metastasis formation and growing.

Flexible optoelectronic materials are limited by the optimization of both high crystallinity and flexibility. Here, the authors demonstrate an interface preassembly oriented growth strategy for constructing flexible crystalline covalent organic framework films.

Carbon coating of electrodes is a common way to enhance electrochemical activity, but the interface mechanism is unclear. Here, Wang et al. adopt a molten technique to produce a sample with large flat surface, which enables visualization of the electrode size-dependent interface change during coating.

In situ3D visualization of sodium-ion battery processes is challenging due to the highly active sodium metal and the sluggish kinetics. Here, the authors present a X-ray tomography technique, which enables tracking the sodiation–desodiation process of a Sn anode in battery operation.

Spatiotemporal phase evolution during transformations impacts materials performance in many systems. Here the authors use lithium iron phosphate particles inside a custom-designed battery to characterize in three dimensions the two-phase configuration at various states of charge via X-ray tomography.

Skull-base chordoma (SBC) is a rare, aggressive bone cancer, but its molecular features remain to be characterised. Here, the authors perform proteogenomic analysis of 187 SBC tumours and identify chromosomal instability as a potential prognostic factor and potential therapeutic targets.

Insulinomas develop from pancreatic β-cells and secrete insulin, but the underlying genetic defects are largely unknown. In this study, Cao et al. identify recurrent T372R mutations in the transcription factor YY1, and validate this hotspot mutation in 30% of insulinomas.

Acidic electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction is a promising way for CO₂ utilization, of which the selectivity and activity need improvement. Here, the authors report polymeric ionic liquid can boost the acidic electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction into multicarbon products on Cu at ampere level current density.

Diagnosis of lung cancer from indeterminate pulmonary nodules remains challenging. Here, the authors develop a multi-omics signature to identify oncogenic nodules, and prevent unnecessary procedures.

A strategy for the transfer-free direct growth of ultralong, high-quality graphene nanoribbons, which have desirable electronic properties, between layers of a boron nitride insulator is reported.

Hydrogels capable of swift mechanical energy dissipation are desirable for various uses, but traditional energy absorption in hydrogels typically relies on viscoelastic mechanisms and often suffers from slow recovery. Here, the authors report a hydrogel design harnessing molecular friction to achieve efficient energy dissipation and rapid recovery.

Cell fate decisions remain poorly understood at the molecular level. Here Ming et al. show that BMP4 as the signal diverting cell fate away from epiblast/pluripotency to hypoblast/primitive endoderm fate during JGES reprogramming by promoting the dissociation of SALL4 from NuRD.

Efficient light extraction in perovskite X/γ-ray scintillators is hindered by the small Stokes shift of exciton luminescence. Here, Jin et al. exploit the intrinsic strain in 2D perovskite as “self-wavelength shifting” to reduce the self-absorption effect without sacrificing the device response speed.

Radial spokes (RS) are crucial in coordinating ciliary motility. Here, authors use cryo-EM and cryo-ET to gain insight into mammalian RS divergence in ependymal cilia, RS assembly mechanism and the structure-function relationships of ciliary and flagellar axonemes.

Occult node metastasis is a key staging component of non-small cell lung cancer. Here, the authors use deep learning to improve diagnosis of lymph node metastasis from PET and CT radiomics.

Yao and Gong et al. identify WD40 repeat-containing protein 6 (WDR6) to be upregulated in the liver of insulin-resistant mice. WDR6 contributes to promoting hepatic de novo lipogenesis during insulin resistance by upregulation of fatty acid synthase, and the authors identify a small molecule to inhibit this effect of WDR6 and reduce hepatic steatosis.

Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs) have tunable optical properties under an external field, but these properties revert once the field is removed. By introducing diselenide dynamic covalent bonds, the authors enable CLCEs to retain tunable optical properties after force and light exposure, achieving programmable, high resolution color patterning.

Deep learning has become essential in bioimaging for tasks. By examining data-centric strategies in general AI and revisiting existing deep learning methods in bioimaging, we describe a prototypical “BioData-Centric AI” framework. For AI users in bioimaging, this framework promotes a more practical approach beyond simply annotating large datasets or relying on a universal model. For method developers, it highlights key research directions to enhance AI toolboxes for the bioimaging community.

A broadband hyperspectral image sensor fabricated using photolithography maintains high throughput with high spatial–temporal–spectral resolution, and has demonstrated wide applications including chlorophyll and sugar quantification, blood oxygen and water quality monitoring, textile classification, apple bruise detection, and remote lunar detection.

An artificial ligament replacement is made from aligned carbon nanotubes formed into hierarchical helical fibres with nanometre and micrometre channels which are demonstrated for the replacement of anterior cruciate ligaments in both rabbit and ovine models, showing strong integration and functional recovery.

The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez controls intestinal stem cell proliferation in Drosophila by inhibiting the Hippo pathway transcription factor Yorkie. Wang et al. reveal that Pez protein stability is regulated by interactions with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Suppressor of Deltex.

Electric vehicles offer a route to decarbonization of transport but only under the right electricity source and charging conditions. To shed light on this, Chen et al. model the environmental impacts of different electric vehicles and charging modes in Beijing under a range of wind power scenarios.

Wheat stripe (yellow) rust is a devastating disease posing a threat to global production. Here, the authors report the cloning of a wheat stripe rust resistance gene encoding a protein with a NAM ___domain and a ZnF-BED ___domain using a strategy called sequencing trait-associated mutations (STAM).

Flexible electroluminescent devices are usually arduous to create. Liu et al report a 3D printing strategy to produce flexible and robust electroluminescent devices that can be integrated with soft robots for camouflage applications.

The interaction of nanoparticles intracellularly has been investigated widely but the mechanisms of such interactions are not fully understood. Here, the authors utilize a semi-quantitative technique to assess the intracellular transportation and clustering potential of nanoparticles in real-time.

The use of lung and colonic organoid systems to assess the susceptibility of lung and gut cells to SARS-CoV-2 and to screen FDA-approved drugs that have antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 is demonstrated.

Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) can occur with male reproductive aging and is characterized by declining testosterone levels as well as other clinical symptoms. Here the authors show that dysregulated phago-/auto-lysosomes in Sertoli cells are a key feature of LOH, linking metabolism and aging, and that pharmaceutical targeting of lysosome dysfunction can alleviate LOH in mice.

The proteogenomic landscape of diffuse gliomas remains to be explored. Here, the authors perform proteogenomic characterisation of diffuse gliomas, investigate the functional role of genomic alterations and suggest three proteomic subgroups.

The atomic pathway in the photoinduced ultrafast structural phase transition of VO₂ has been a controversial problem for a long time. Here the authors, using MeV ultrafast electron diffraction, show that the melting of V-V dimers and the transformation of crystal symmetry are two processes with different timescales.