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Legionella effector LnaB, a recently identified actin-activated AMPylase, mediates phosphoryl-AMPylation in a yet-unknown manner. Here the authors unveil a two-step catalytic process involving dual ATPase–AMPylase activity based on structural studies, providing a biochemical basis for AMPylation.

During chronic but not acute inflammation, chromatin remodelling is influenced by nuclear autophagy through WSTF interaction with ATG8 in the nucleus, leading to WSTF nuclear export and its subsequent degradation.

Classical theory predicts that glass dynamics exhibit a singularity at some finite temperature. Zhao et al. test this theory in fossil amber by determining upper bounds of the equilibrium relaxation times, and find no such behaviour even far below the glass transition challenging conventional assumptions.

A nanoporous photocatalyst producing low levels of hydrogen peroxide is shown to modulate intracellular stress granules, enhancing resilience against oxidative stress and providing cardioprotection in an ex vivo rodent model of myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury.

Chen, Yang et al. present DreAM, the drug-elicitable alternative splicing module, which is responsive to risdiplam, to inducibly regulate adeno-associated virus vector-mediated transgene expression. Proof-of-concept applications in cardiomyocytes revealed its potential for future clinical use in improving cardiac recovery after myocardial infarction.

Electrochemical modulation enables iSCAT microscopy to detect the electrical activity of live cells by localizing and identifying different types of ion channels down to the single-channel level and imaging frame rates up to 1.5 kHz.

Tao et al. study the role of TRMT6 in colorectal cancer, where it is upregulated and show that TRMT6 supports histone biosynthesis by stabilizing tRNA-Lys-TTT-1-1. Targeting TRMT6 reduced histone mRNA translation in a codon-biased manner.

High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) has been identified to play a role in tumour progression but its involvement in anti-tumour immunity of esophagael squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here the authors report that the inhibition of STING-mediated anti-tumour immunity by HMGA1 results in promotion of ESCC tumorigenesis.

Aumolertinib is a third generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, approved for use in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, the authors report a phase 2 clinical trial investigating neoadjuvant aumolertinib in patients with unresectable stage III EGFR-mutant NSCLC.

Detecting dilute airborne biomarkers is important in healthcare but is limited by the low sensitivity of current gas sensors. A portable, low-cost device is introduced that uses water condensation to enrich airborne biomarkers into a concentrated liquid, enabling existing liquid sensors to detect biomarkers with high sensitivity and broad accessibility.

Real-time road damage detection is crucial for public transportation management. Here, authors present a lightweight neural network framework that enables efficient surface distress recognition on mobile devices for transportation engineering.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.

To increase the efficiency, brightness and stability of next-generation light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the microstructure of CsPbI_3-xBr_x metal-halide perovskite, a good pure-red emitter, was altered to fix hole leakage, which was identified as decreasing efficiencies in overworked LEDs.

Anxiety involves abnormal respiratory responses to emotional stimuli. Here, the authors show that CeA^GABA neurons, acting as a central hub, are instrumental in orchestrating anxiety-like behaviors and breathing patterns through the CeA-PVT and CeA-LPBN-preBötC circuits, correspondingly.

Current classification systems of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) rely on histological hormone staining and transcription factors. Here, the authors analyze alternative splicing at bulk and single-cell resolution in PitNETs, revealing additional subtypes associated with worse clinical outcomes and splicing abnormalities.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

The authors report the large low-field-driven electrocaloric effect in the novel organic-inorganic hybrid TMCM-CdCl₃, underlyingly from the disordering of organic cations and the low-symmetry interaction induced two-step meta-electric transition.

In a multicenter randomized phase 3 trial, stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4R alpha, significantly improved daily nasal and ocular symptom scores during the pollen phase in patients with moderate-to-severe seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe lung disease with limited clinical therapies. Here the authors show that chimeric antigen receptor cells can rescue pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model, and they further investigate the mechanism of lung regeneration after treatment.

The study revealed how nitrogen fertilization affects fast and slow turnover pools of soil organic carbon differently. The authors found labile particulate organic carbon increased if SOC was below 1.5%, while stable mineral associated organic carbon increased above this critical threshold.

Acute myeloid leukaemia(AML) modifies the bone marrow(BM) microenvironment, impacting hematopoiesis. Here, the authors demonstrate that AML-modified BM endothelial progenitor cells(EPC) remodelling supports normal hematopoiesis after complete remission and this process is improved by the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC).

The feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been previously suggested. Here the authors report the results of a phase 1b trial of neoadjuvant tislelizumab plus stereotactic body radiotherapy and adjuvant tislelizumab in early-stage resectable HCC.

Many lakes in China are subject to eutrophication. Water quality analyses on 862 Chinese lakes reveal that better sanitation has reduced phosphorus inputs in the most populated areas, but aquaculture and livestock offset improvements elsewhere.

It is challenging to regulate the interfacial motifs of Cu⁰-Cu⁺ sites to understand roles of Cu⁰ and Cu⁺ for nitrate electrochemical reduction reaction. Here, the authors report a tunable construction of Cu⁰-Cu⁺ interfacial structure by modulating the size-effect of Cu₂O electrocatalysts.

Trade risks associated with fossil fuels and critical materials matter for energy security, and will evolve with the low-carbon transition. Here the researchers find that overall trade risks decrease for most countries in net-zero scenarios, although risks to electricity or transportation sectors may increase.

A global map of human subcellular architecture yields protein complex structures, reveals protein functions, identifies assemblies with multiple localizations or cell-type specificity and decodes paediatric cancer genomes.

Despite being known for more than 50 years, yuzurimine-type alkaloids have not been accessed by total synthesis. Here, the authors report the first enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-Caldaphnidine J, a highly complex yuzurimine-type Daphniphyllum alkaloid.

Plant biodiversity often has a positive influence on ecosystem functioning. Here Jinget al. show that belowground diversity can also significantly impact ecosystem multifunctionality, but its relative effect varies by regional-scale climate variation.

Unveiling structure-activity correlations is essential in catalysis science. Here, the authors report the structural evolution of Ni-based pre-catalysts during the reaction and demonstrate how sub-nanometric variations affect catalytic performance in the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.

Low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations in X-ray data are thought to trace the accretion flow in X-ray binaries. Here, the detection of 200 keV oscillations probes the innermost regions of MAXI J1820+070, revealing the precession of a small-scale jet.

Little is known about the long-term effectiveness of risk-based target-to-treat cholesterol-lowering interventions on cardiovascular risk. Here, the authors show that treat-to-target cholesterol-lowering interventions could exert an equivalent protective effect of statin therapeutic trials using data from a 29-year cohort study.

Quantum spin Hall edge states are protected by time-reversal symmetry and are expected to disappear in a strong magnetic field. Here, the authors use microwave impedance microscopy and find, surprisingly, edge conduction in mercury telluride quantum wells that survives up to 9 T with little change.

Identifying intermediates during phase transitions is critical for our understanding of correlated materials, but difficult to achieve experimentally. Here, the authors report a surface coordination route to stabilize and directly image a phase-transition intermediate during the metal-insulator transition in vanadium dioxide.