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Using an accurate genomic biomarker signature as a means to identify hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp-p), authors perform a longitudinal cohort study to provide insight into the clinical and genomic characteristics of hvKp-p.

Microscale ferroelectric topological textures in freestanding BaTiO₃ nanomembranes enable dynamic vortex light manipulation via nonlinear spin-to-orbit conversion.

Chemoselective reactions of two or multiple functional groups with similar reactivities remain an ongoing challenge in chemistry. Here the authors disclosed a chemoselective reaction of enedial and observed that the high chemoselectivity is mainly controlled via redox (rather than steric) properties of the substrate/catalyst.

Conformational isomerization of organic molecules can be guided by noncovalent interactions. Here, the authors report the synthesis of chiral sulfoxides catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbenes; intramolecular chalcogen bonding interactions are key for conformational locking.

Regulatory sequences encode crucial gene expression signals, but their functionality across species remains unclear. Here, the authors introduce DeepCROSS, an AI-aided strategy that utilises large-scale meta-representation and an accurate predictor for the inverse design of regulatory sequences.

Activation of C–C bonds is a powerful method for directly functionalizing organic molecules, but is still a challenging task. Here, the authors show that N-heterocyclic carbenes can activate the C–C bonds in cyclic ketones, allowing the enantioselective formation of lactams.

Combining metal catalysis and organocatalysis can be difficult, especially when dealing with strongly coordinating organic compounds such as N-heterocyclic carbenes. Here, the authors combine copper and N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis for the generation of ketimines and their use in stereoselective reactions.

The benzene unit is a common scaffold in natural products and appears in most best selling drugs. Here, the authors report the efficient synthesis of substituted benzenes through a carbene-catalyzed formal [3+3] reaction, which does not require a pre-existing aromatic ring.

Selective functionalization of aromatic compounds is important in synthetic chemistry. Here the authors report anN-heterocyclic carbene-catalysed approach for enantioselectively converting ortho-hydroxyaldehydes to cyclic products, via activation of both phenol and aldehyde groups.

Here, the authors demonstrate how targeted memory reactivation during NREM sleep enhances memory consolidation through repeated reactivations, characterized by increased hippocampal ripples, cortical spindles, and dynamic hippocampal-cortical interactions.

A computational null model is proposed to study the gender and racial diversity-association effects in academia. Researchers’ early training in diverse environments is strongly correlated with nurturing diverse groups in the established period.

Kim and colleagues perform a phase 2 clinical trial (ELM-2) of odronextamab monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma and report on the primary analyses of the efficacy and safety profile.

Authors bond two layers of LiNbO₃ as an acoustic resonator. With interlayer coupling of fields and modulation by twisted angle, a magic-angle effect is reported, as one mode exhibits huge electromechanical coupling while its twin-mode disappears.

Spectroscopic study on a kagome magnet thin film uncovers the local-moment nature of the magnetism in the presence of topological flat bands, as well as a strong spin- and orbital-selective electronic correlation effect.

The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein mediates viral entry by binding of its receptor-binding ___domain (RBD) to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and mutations of the S protein may have a great impact on virus transmissibility. Here, the authors characterize the interactions of six different SARS-CoV-2 RBD variants among them Alpha, Beta and Gamma and present crystal structures of these ACE2-RBD complexes.

Nicotine accumulates in the intestine during tobacco smoking and accelerates the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but it can be degraded effectively by the human symbiont Bacteroides xylanisolvens.

Brain structure and function have been observed to be increasingly untethered in transmodal cortex. Here, the authors show that structure-function coupling in these areas can be enhanced by diffusion patterns governed by high-frequency eigenmodes.

Here the authors show that arbovirus vector competence of Aedes mosquitoes is modulated by the midgut microbiota and identify the metabolite sphingosine from the gut symbiotic bacterium Enterobacter hormaechei_B17 (Eh_B17) as a factor mediating resistance to ZIKV and DENV infection.

Multi-modal foundation models are increasingly important in medical applications. Here, authors show a masked contrastive chest X-ray model that achieves fine-grained image understanding and zero-shot capabilities, outperforming existing methods

Genetic bases of grain shape differentiation between the two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors report GSE9, a de novo gene evolved from a non-coding region of wild rice through acquisition of start codon, contributes to the grain shape difference between the two subspecies.

Incorporation of a ‘liquid diode’ into a wearable electronic platform enhances comfort and stability by shunting away sweat as it accumulates.

The search for efficient methods for the enantioselective synthesis of cyano-containing molecules is important but synthesis methods are often limited by the need of toxic cyano salts or reduction with hydrogen gas. Here the authors report the efficient and selective access to β-cyano carboxylic esters which can be easily converted into γ-aminobutyric acid derivatives with high optical purities.

The sequencing and assembly of the highly polymorphic oyster genome through a combination of short reads and fosmid pooling, complemented with extensive transcriptome analysis of development and stress response and proteome analysis of the shell, provides new insight into oyster biology and adaptation to a highly changeable environment.

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant spreads rapidly. Here the authors show that Omicron S preferentially adopts the one-RBD-up conformation, which leads to a non-RBM-binding monoclonal antibody escape. Mutagenesis reveals that S371L, S373P and S375F substitutions enhance the conformational stability.

The root-related changes in maize domestication, improvement and modern breeding were systematically investigated, and candidate genes related to maize root system architecture were identified for future genetic improvement.

A large-scale single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the non-human primate Macaca fascicularis encompasses over 1 million cells from 45 adult tissues.

Type I interferons (IFNs) have strong antitumour activity yet their clinical use is limited by their off-target toxicity and by their effect on immune evasion. Here the authors design a biomimetic nanoparticle loaded with an IFN inducer, which can at the same time replenish intratumoural IFNs and reduce their immunosuppressive activity, showing therapeutic efficacy in several animal tumour models.

The DNA modification N⁶-methyladenine regulates gene expression during mouse trophoblast development by depositing at the boundaries of active chromatin and preventing its spread by antagonizing the chromatin organizer SATB1.

T follicular helper (T_FH) cells are important for the generation of effective antibody responses. Yu and colleagues find that T_FH cells are exceptionally sensitive to death by ferroptosis and that this process is regulated by the activity of the selenoenzyme GPX4.

Xiao et al. report a weaker adaptive immune response in older adults after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared to young adult controls, identifying altered immune cell function and decreased antigen-specific receptor repertoire diversity as potential underlying mechanisms.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are attracting increasing attention as membrane components for molecular sieving due to the range of desirable properties they exhibit. Here, the authors employ in situ cation substitution to transform MOF topologies, and endow the membranes with improved separation capabilities.

Hunting behavior typically contains a sequential motor program, including search, chase, attack, and consumption. Here, the authors show that periaqueductal gray neuronal ensembles encode the sequential hunting motor program, which might provide a framework for decoding complex instinctive behaviors.

The development of high performance flexible solid supercapacitors calls for an effective approach to infill gel electrolytes into porous electrodes. Here the authors report a bottom-up method to address this technical challenge, which leads to enhanced areal capacitance and durability.

The nature of the superconductivity in the kagome metals AV₃Sb₅ (A = K, Rb, Cs) remains under debate. Here, using muon spin spectroscopy, the authors find that the superconductivity in RbV₃Sb₅ and KV₃Sb₅ evolves from nodal to nodeless with increasing pressure and the superconducting state breaks time-reversal symmetry after suppression of the charge order.

Functional analysis reveals that targeting testisspecific serine/threonine protein kinase (TSSKs) is a feasible avenue for controlling invasive pest Cydia pomonella through genetic sterile insect technique (gSIT) technology.

The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network has constructed a multimodal cell census and atlas of the mammalian primary motor cortex in a landmark effort towards understanding brain cell-type diversity, neural circuit organization and brain function.

The improved genome assemblies of allotetraploid cotton species Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense provide insights into cotton evolution and inform the construction of introgression lines used to identify loci associated with fiber quality.

We introduce a major scientific endeavour called π-HuB (proteomic navigator of the human body), its aim being to generate and harness multimodality proteomic datasets to enhance our understanding of human biology.

Integrating a Bessel focus module into a two-photon fluorescence mesoscope enables high-speed volumetric imaging of neuronal activity in soma, dendrites and spines.