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Zhang and colleagues characterize a subset of nerve-associated CX3CR1⁺ liver portal area macrophages that maintain immune homeostasis and attenuate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

A newly identified coronavirus isolated from farmed minks can use the receptor ACE2 to infect cells of different mammalian species, including human cells, which has implications for potential zoonotic spillover events.

Single-cell sequencing reveals cellular heterogeneity but is challenged by technical noise and batch effects. Here, authors present CellFM, an 800-million-parameter foundation model trained on 100 million human cells through the MindSpore framework, which outperforms existing models in downstream tasks.

Social status mediates individual differences in methamphetamine-seeking by modulating dopaminergic pathways. In subordinate rodents, the mesolimbic pathway is stronger, and the mesocortical pathway is weaker, whereas dominant rodents show the opposite pattern.

Here the authors show that PCIF1 can regulate CD8⁺ T cell antitumor responses in mice and use this information to enhance chimeric antigen receptor T cell design.

Chromosome-level genome assemblies of allotetraploid Nicotiana tabacum and its ancestors, along with their transcriptomes, epigenomes and genotype and phenotype data for 5,196 N. tabacum germplasms, provide insights into genome evolution and complex trait regulation.

Inhibition of haem synthesis is shown to lead to the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids in the brown adipose tissue of mice, which reduces UCP1 levels and impairs thermogenesis.

Melting and squeezing pure metals between two sapphires covered in molybdenum disulfide produces diverse two-dimensional metals at the ångström thickness limit.

ATP/ADP translocators in obligate intracellular parasites and plastids facilitate energy parasitism and endosymbiosis by mediating ATP import and ADP export, with their cryo-EM structures and mechanisms revealed, providing insights for drug development against intracellular pathogens.

The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) is found to modulate Ningaloo Niño/Niña strength, highlighting the critical role of remote AMO in understanding the Southeast Indian Ocean marine heatwaves and cold-spells and associated socioeconomic impacts.

Digital polymers with precisely ordered units for next-generation data storage media are continually investigated for higher storage capacity. Here the authors show the synthesis of information-coded 2D digital dendrimers and the generated data matrix barcode can be read by a common hand-held device.

Experimental investigation on skyrmion bags focuses on single-phase materials. Here, the authors demonstrate room-temperature creation, conversion and zero-field stability of individual skyrmion bags in magnetic multilayered disks.

Here, the authors suggest a role of the lysine acetyltransferase KAT7 in inhibiting procentriole formation and colorectal tumorigenesis via competitive antagonism of its crotonylation against acetylation.

A deep-learning model can accurately quantify circulating tumour DNA from the density distribution of cell-free DNA-fragment lengths in plasma from patients with cancer and from healthy individuals.

Spin space group theory is applied to identify more than 200 collinear magnets with unconventional magnons; high-throughput calculations with spin–orbit coupling find that most of these unconventional magnets are dictated by the Heisenberg exchange interaction.

The authors explore alternative polyadenylation (APA) related genes in lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD). By integrating APA-related LUAD genes, 3′aQTL-atlas and eQTL analysis, they identify 28 candidate LUAD-related apaQTL/eQTL-SNPs.

The origin of energetic charged particles in universe remains an unresolved issue, while one of the promising mechanism contributions is stochastic acceleration. Here the authors demonstrate electron stochastic acceleration of kinetic turbulence in a lab setting.

Yuzhalin et al. report that astrocyte-mediated upregulation of Cdk5 in metastatic breast cancer cells inhibits MHC-I expression on the cell surface, thereby enabling escape from killing by CD8⁺ T cells and facilitating brain metastasis.

Rechargeable magnesium batteries offer safety, abundance, and high energy density but are limited by sluggish kinetics. Here, the authors proposed an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy to improve the interface composition and expand the lattice spacing of the (100) planes of CuSe, enhancing the kinetics of the rechargeable magnesium batteries.

A high-quality reference genome assembly of cauliflower C-8 (V2) and genomic analyses of 971 diverse accessions and their relatives reveal the stepwise domestication and the genetic mechanism of curd biogenesis.

Wang and colleagues generate two protein-level mutant p53 reporters and use them to identify precancerous clones in normal tissues in vivo, characterized by increased amino acid metabolism and a transcriptomic signature that includes Ybx3.

The mechanisms by which tillandsioids adapt to elevated aerial habitats remain largely unexplored. Here, the authors report their evolution and link life history, diversification, comparative genomic, and functional changes to processes underlying the unique biology of air plants.

Zhang et al. report that a non-canonical cGAS–STING pathway activates PERK–eIF2α to elaborate cap-dependent mRNA translation and contributes to senescence and fibrosis.

The direct conversion of low alkane-like ethane into high-value chemicals has posed a significant challenge. Herein, the authors successfully accomplish a one-step conversion of ethane to C2 oxygenates using a Rh single-atom catalyst under mild conditions.

Improved imaging methods are crucial to map pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here, the authors analyse PDAC samples using spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, identify claudin-4 as a potential theranostic target, and develop an imaging agent to track claudin-4 in primary and metastatic PDAC tumours.

The transmembrane P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pumps are known to promote drug resistance by enhancing drug efflux. Here, the authors deliver P-gp inhibitor and a chemotherapeutic agent using tumor blood vessel-targeting nanoparticle, to overcome drug resistance.

Adoptive T cell therapy has shown remarkable promise for the treatment of haematological malignancies. Here, the authors show that a cryogel platform for the simultaneous delivery of autologous T cells and recruitment of local antigen-presenting cells promotes long-lasting responses against solid tumours in mice.

Functionally distinct T-cell populations can be generated from T cells that received the same stimulation by altering the viscoelasticity of their surrounding extracellular matrix.

A detailed understanding of particle stopping in matter is essential for nuclear fusion and high energy density science. Here, the authors report one order of magnitude enhancement of intense laser-accelerated proton beam stopping in dense ionized matter in comparison with currently used models describing ion stopping in matter.

Subcutaneously injected biomaterial scaffolds mimicking key features of physiological T-cell activation enhance the antitumour activity of intravenously pre-administered CAR-T cells.

Reconfigurable electronic devices that can be shaped in two or more stable geometries modifying their functionalities have been realized by engineering the sequence in which the elastomeric substrates are mechanically buckled.

Here, the authors identify key DNA methylation sites associated with incident acute coronary syndrome (ACS), improving ACS prediction and highlighting potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ACS.

MALAT1 is a long non-coding RNA that is known to suppress breast cancer lung metastasis. Here the authors show that MALAT1 is downregulated during osteoclastogenesis and its loss derepresses Tead3, promoting Nfatc1-mediated osteoclast differentiation and enhancing bone metastasis.

Laboratory experiments reveal the underlying mechanism of turbulent reconnection, including electron acceleration. These findings are directly relevant for studies of flares in the solar corona.

The authors develop a strategy to regulate oxygen reduction reaction kinetics and electron lifetimes with coordinatively unsaturated FeOOH and CoO_x clusters to access a direct two-electron pathway for H₂O₂ photosynthesis on boron-doped g-C₃N₄.