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To overcome low intersystem crossing efficiency and exciton instability in organic photosensitizers, amphiphilic polymer hosts self-assemble phosphorescent molecules. This stabilizes triplet states, enabling efficient CO₂ photoreduction to CO.

Addressing the stability challenges from metal electrodes/perovskite components chemical interactions is essential for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Here, authors design a bilayer polymer buffer to mitigate metal/ion interdiffusion, realizing a certified efficiency of 26.46%.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Land plants diverged from streptophyte algae around 460 million years ago. Marine Charophyceae fossils from the Upper Ordovician confirm that morphological innovations key to the evolution of terrestrial flora predate the emergence of land plants.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data from 3,023 human genomes from mainland Southeast Asia identifies high genetic heterogeneity among populations in the region and many unique small and structural variants.

Quantum spin-ice phases are predicted to have emergent gauge fields and fractionalization. Neutron scattering and thermodynamic measurements of the quantum spin-ice candidate Ce₂Zr₂O₇ show features consistent with these predictions.

The tissue-specific accumulation patterns of pathogenic mtDNA mutations during aging remain incompletely understood. In this study, the researchers developed three mouse models with distinct mitochondrial tRNA mutations, revealing age-dependent accumulation of these mutations in the kidneys, leading to mitochondrial kidney disease.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the ___location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

Linear scaling relationships often hinder the optimization of heterogeneous catalysts. Now, an intermediate spillover strategy is put forward by designing bi-component catalysts, thereby decoupling elementary electron-transfer steps and circumventing linear scaling relationships.

Proton-coupled electron transfer reactions are key steps in electrocatalysis. Here the authors introduce a computational method to model such processes including nuclear quantum effects under a grand canonical constant electric potential.

An endohedral metallofullerene–polymer layer, which features ultrafast electron extraction and in situ encapsulation, improves the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells.

A quantum microsatellite, with a payload weighing only 23 kilograms, in combination with portable ground stations that weigh merely 100 kilograms, is capable of performing space-to-ground real-time quantum key distribution.

It is generally more difficult to modify the buried interfaces compared to top interfaces in tin-lead perovskite subcells. Here, the authors employ a mercapto-functionalized mesoporous silica layer as a superstructure, realizing maximum efficiency of 29.6% for double-junction tandem solar cells.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

Endothelial injury drives vascular diseases like atherosclerosis, but key regulators are unclear. Here, the authors show that endothelial major vault protein (MVP) acts as an intracellular regulator promoting Parkin-mediated mitophagy, thereby antagonizing vascular remodeling and suggesting its role as a potential therapeutic target.

A gene-edited pig liver transplanted into a human recipient remains functional after 10 days and indicates that porcine organs could help meet the growing demand for liver transplants.

Hydrogels are essential for stem cell-based tissue regeneration but struggle with hard tissue repair. The authors report a shell-hardened macroporous hydrogel with spatiotemporally programmed mechanics to enhance stem cell-driven bone regeneration.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

A dynamic Cu–Pt dual-atom catalyst supported on 1Tʹ-MoS₂ can be electrically switched between single- and dual-atom configurations, enabling on-demand control for alkyne semi-hydrogenation.

Several molecular mechanisms, including TIRR-53BP1 repair axis, regulate DNA repair pathway choice and PARP inhibitor sensitivity. Here, the authors show that ubiquitination of TIRR by DTX3L is a critical process that regulates NHEJ pathway activity and PARP inhibitor sensitivity by facilitating XPO1-mediated TIRR nuclear export and degradation upon DNA damage.

The suboptimal interfacial contacts between nickel oxide and self-assembled monolayers in wide bandgap subcells limit the photovoltaic efficiency and stability. Here, authors employ boric acid as an anchoring group for chemisorption, achieving efficiency of 28.5% for two-terminal tandem solar cells.

U/Th-dated Asian monsoon records from Shima Cave, covering 142–122 ka BP, constrain the timing of a CO₂ rise at ~139 ka BP caused by millennial-scale variabilities, which, along with increasing orbital solar radiation, prepare for the end of ice age.

Sustainable management of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is essential for advancing organic waste treatment towards resource-oriented processes, but the molecular complexity of DOM hinders the understanding of the underlying biochemical processes. Here, the authors use ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry to explore the molecular transformation of DOM in anaerobic digestion.

Van der Waals magnetic materials are characterized by strong magnetic interactions within each van der Waals layer, while the interaction between the layers is typically weaker. Here, Liu, Su, Gu and coauthors find a magnetic phase transition in the van der Waals magnet, NiI₂, under hydrostatic pressure, which they associate with the interlayer magnetic interaction.

Controlling phase transitions in MoOx semiconductors is challenging. Here, the authors develop a lab-on-device system to modulate proton intercalation, achieving conductance modulation and enabling electrochemical memory and neural network applications.

M-OFDFT is a deep learning implementation of orbital-free density functional theory (OFDFT) that achieves DFT-level accuracy on molecular systems with lower cost complexity, and can extrapolate to much larger molecules than those seen during training.